ATI RN
Age Specific Patient Care Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient with schizophrenia is admitted to the psychiatric unit in an acutely disturbed, violent state. He is given several doses of haloperidol (Haldol) and becomes calm and approachable. During rounds the nurse notices the patient has his head rotated to one side in a stiffly fixed position. His lower jaw is thrust forward and he appears severely anxious. The patient has ______, and the nurse should ______.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: a dystonic reaction"¦administer PRN IM benztropine (Cogentin). 1. Step: Identify the symptoms - The patient has head rotation, stiff fixed position, and lower jaw thrust forward, indicating dystonia. 2. Step: Understand dystonic reactions - Dystonia is an extrapyramidal side effect of antipsychotic medications like haloperidol. 3. Step: Choose appropriate treatment - Benztropine is an anticholinergic medication used to treat acute dystonic reactions. 4. Step: Administer the medication - IM benztropine is the correct route for acute treatment of dystonia. Summary: - Choice B (tardive dyskinesia) is incorrect because the symptoms described are acute and not consistent with the gradual onset of tardive dyskinesia. - Choice C (waxy flexibility) is incorrect because it is a symptom of catatonia, not a side effect of ant
Question 2 of 5
A patient diagnosed with schizophrenia reveals to the nurse that voices have warned of danger and adds, 'They're so loud they frighten me. Do you hear them?' The nurse's best initial response would be:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it acknowledges the patient's experience without dismissing or invalidating it. By stating, "I know these voices are very real to you, but I don't hear them," the nurse validates the patient's reality and expresses empathy. This response helps build trust and rapport, which is crucial in establishing a therapeutic relationship. Choice B is incorrect because it dismisses the patient's concerns and offers false reassurance, which may not be effective in addressing the patient's distress. Choice C is incorrect as it focuses on gathering more information about the voices without addressing the patient's immediate emotional distress. Choice D is incorrect because it shifts the focus away from the patient's current experience and onto distractions, which may not be helpful in addressing the patient's distressing symptoms.
Question 3 of 5
The emergency department note states, 'This patient displays positive symptoms of schizophrenia as evidenced by psychotic disorders of thinking.' The nurse can expect the patient to evidence:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: delusions and hallucinations. Positive symptoms of schizophrenia include hallucinations (perceiving things that are not present) and delusions (false beliefs). In this case, the patient displaying psychotic disorders of thinking aligns with positive symptoms. Delusions are fixed false beliefs, while hallucinations involve sensory experiences without external stimuli. Choices B, C, and D involve different symptoms such as motor abnormalities (grimacing and mannerisms), echopraxia and echolalia (mimicking movements and repeating words), and negative symptoms (avolition and anhedonia - lack of motivation and pleasure), which are not specifically related to psychotic disorders of thinking in schizophrenia.
Question 4 of 5
When people successfully adapt to their environment by using logical thought and socially appropriate ways, they are said to be functioning at the adaptive end of the _____ continuum.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Neurobiological. This is because neurobiological factors refer to the brain's functioning and how it affects behavior and cognition. When individuals adapt to their environment using logical thought and socially appropriate ways, it indicates a high level of cognitive and behavioral functioning, which is closely tied to neurobiological processes. A: Emotional is incorrect because emotional factors focus on feelings and affective responses, not necessarily on logical thought and social appropriateness. B: Self-protective is incorrect as it pertains to behaviors aimed at ensuring one's safety and security, which may not necessarily involve logical thought and social appropriateness. D: Psychobiological is incorrect as it encompasses the interaction between psychological and biological processes, which may not specifically relate to adaptive functioning in the given context.
Question 5 of 5
The onset of schizophrenia most commonly occurs during the decade of age in the:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B (20s) because research shows that the peak onset of schizophrenia is typically during late adolescence to early adulthood, which aligns with the age range of the 20s. During this period, the brain undergoes significant developmental changes, making individuals more vulnerable to developing schizophrenia. Choices A (Teens), C (30s), and D (40s) are incorrect because while schizophrenia can develop at any age, the majority of cases emerge during the 20s. Schizophrenia rarely starts in the teenage years (A), and onset in the 30s (C) or 40s (D) is less common compared to the 20s.