ATI RN
Chapter 25 Cardiovascular Drugs Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient with schizophrenia has received typical (first-generation) antipsychotics for a year. His hallucinations are less intrusive, but he remains apathetic, has poverty of thought, cannot work, and is socially isolated. To address these symptoms, the nurse might consult the prescribing health care provider to suggest a change to:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, olanzapine (Zyprexa). Olanzapine is an atypical (second-generation) antipsychotic that is known to target negative symptoms of schizophrenia such as apathy, poverty of thought, and social withdrawal. It is also effective for treating positive symptoms like hallucinations. This medication can help improve the patient's overall functioning and quality of life. Choice A, haloperidol, is a typical antipsychotic similar to what the patient has already been taking, which may not effectively target the negative symptoms. Choice C, diphenhydramine, is an antihistamine and not indicated for schizophrenia. Choice D, chlorpromazine, is also a typical antipsychotic and may not address the negative symptoms effectively. Overall, olanzapine is the best choice for addressing the patient's remaining symptoms.
Question 2 of 5
The __________ constitute a class of drugs that are commonly prescribed for cardiac arrhythmias but also have been found to be effective treatment for social phobias.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Beta-blockers. Beta-blockers are commonly prescribed for cardiac arrhythmias due to their ability to block the effects of adrenaline on the heart. In the context of social phobias, beta-blockers can help reduce physical symptoms of anxiety such as rapid heart rate and trembling, making them an effective treatment option. A: Benzodiazepines are typically used to treat anxiety disorders, but they are not specifically known for treating social phobias. B: Tricyclics are a class of antidepressants and are not commonly prescribed for social phobias. C: Azaspirones are anxiolytic drugs used to treat generalized anxiety disorder and are not commonly used for social phobias.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with a history of depression reports not feeling well rested in recent weeks. Before making the assumption that the complaint is related to depression, a nurse should investigate whether the patient has had any recent changes in:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: work schedule that affect the hours of sleep. This is because changes in work schedule can directly impact the amount and quality of sleep a person gets, leading to feelings of not being well-rested. Investigating this factor is important before assuming the complaint is solely related to depression. Choice B: vacations taken within the same time zone, is incorrect as vacations within the same time zone should not significantly affect sleep patterns unless there are other factors involved. Choice C: fluid intake with reduced overall intake of water, is incorrect because while hydration is important for overall health, it is less likely to be the primary cause of not feeling well-rested. Choice D: food intake with decreased intake of heavy foods before bedtime, is incorrect as while diet can impact sleep quality, it is less likely to be the primary cause of feeling not well-rested in this case.
Question 4 of 5
A patient is taking flurazepam (Dalmane) 3 to 4 nights a week for sleeplessness. She is concerned that she cannot get to sleep without taking the medication. What nonpharmacologic measures should the nurse suggest to promote sleep for this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Providing a quiet environment. Creating a quiet environment can help the patient relax and reduce distractions, promoting better sleep. This measure is important as it can help the patient establish a consistent sleep routine and reduce the dependence on medication for sleep. Choice B is incorrect because exercising before bedtime can actually stimulate the body and make it harder to fall asleep. Choice C is incorrect because consuming heavy meals in the evening can lead to indigestion and discomfort, making it difficult to sleep. Choice D is incorrect because drinking hot tea or coffee just before bedtime can interfere with sleep due to the caffeine content, which is a stimulant.
Question 5 of 5
A patient arrives in the emergency department with severe chest pain. The patient reports that the pain has been occurring off and on for a week now. Which assessment finding would indicate the need for cautious use of nitrates and nitrites?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Blood pressure of 88/62 mm Hg. This indicates hypotension, a contraindication for nitrates that can further lower blood pressure. Nitrates dilate blood vessels, leading to decreased preload and afterload, which can worsen hypotension. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because an elevated pulse rate, renal disease history, and past myocardial infarction do not directly contraindicate the cautious use of nitrates and nitrites.