Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA), also known as total knee replacement, is a surgical procedure commonly performed to alleviate symptoms and improve function in patients with advanced osteoarthritis of the knee that has not responded to conservative management. During TKA, the damaged cartilage and bone in the knee joint are removed and replaced with prosthetic components. This procedure aims to reduce pain, restore function, and improve the quality of life for individuals with severe osteoarthritis of the knee. High tibial osteotomy (HTO) is typically performed in younger patients with unicompartmental osteoarthritis, while knee arthroscopy and meniscectomy are more targeted towards specific knee conditions and may not provide significant relief in cases of advanced osteoarthritis.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Delegation by succession is the act of assigning a specific task or responsibility to someone temporarily while the usual person in charge is absent or unavailable. In this scenario, the unit manager is delegating her responsibilities to her assistant unit manager while she is on leave, indicating a temporary transfer of duties. This allows for a smooth continuity of operations within the unit during the manager's absence.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Patient's uterine contractions lasting 70 seconds and occurring every 90 seconds signify hyperstimulation, which can be a serious complication associated with oxytocin administration. This may result in decreased uterine perfusion, fetal distress, and other adverse effects. The first action should be to discontinue the oxytocin infusion to prevent further complications and allow the uterus to relax. Observations and assessment should continue to monitor the patient's condition and response after discontinuing the infusion. Giving an emergency bolus of oxytocin or increasing the IV infusion rate would exacerbate the hyperstimulation, and turning the client to her left side and breathing deeply would not address the underlying issue of oxytocin-induced hyperstimulation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The sensation of feeling "heavy" in the perineal area postpartum is a common concern due to the stretching and potential trauma to the perineal muscles during childbirth. Kegel exercises are specifically designed to strengthen the pelvic floor muscles, which can help alleviate this sensation of heaviness. By encouraging the client to perform Kegel exercises regularly, the nurse is promoting the restoration and strengthening of the perineal muscles, ultimately helping the client feel more comfortable and supported in that area. This education empowers the client to take an active role in their own recovery and promotes optimal healing postpartum.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: When encountering patients who are stressed due to their health condition, the best way for a nurse to communicate is through empathizing. Empathy involves understanding and sharing the feelings of another person, which can help the nurse connect with the patient on an emotional level. Empathizing allows the nurse to show genuine care and concern for the patient's well-being, fostering a trusting and supportive relationship. This approach can help alleviate the patient's stress and make them feel understood and supported during a difficult time. Sympathizing and sharing may come across as insincere or minimize the patient's experiences, while listening is important but combining it with empathy enhances the overall communication experience.