A patient with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) presents with excessive daytime sleepiness, loud snoring, and witnessed apneic episodes during sleep. Which of the following interventions is most appropriate for managing OSA and improving symptoms?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: CPAP therapy is considered the gold standard treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and is the most appropriate intervention for managing OSA and improving symptoms. CPAP therapy involves using a machine that delivers a continuous flow of air through a mask worn over the nose or mouth during sleep. This air pressure helps keep the airway open, preventing the collapse that causes apneas and snoring during sleep.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Heart failure is a condition in which the heart is unable to pump enough blood to meet the body's need for oxygen and nutrients. Ineffective tissue perfusion is a relevant nursing diagnosis for a client with heart failure because the heart's inability to effectively pump blood can lead to poor perfusion of tissues and organs, resulting in inadequate oxygen and nutrient delivery to cells. This can lead to symptoms such as fatigue, dyspnea, and edema, which are common in individuals with heart failure. By addressing ineffective tissue perfusion, nurses can focus on interventions to improve cardiac output and optimize tissue perfusion, ultimately improving the client's overall condition.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Anticonvulsant medications, such as phenytoin and phenobarbital, can interfere with pregnancy tests by affecting the levels of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in the body. HCG is the hormone detected in pregnancy tests. These medications may potentially lead to a false-negative result on a pregnancy test for women who are actually pregnant. Therefore, in the case of Almira, who is 6 months pregnant and taking anticonvulsant medication due to the risk of producing a false-negative pregnancy test result, healthcare providers should consider other clinical indicators, such as abdominal cramps and vaginal spotting, to assess her pregnancy status.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Mrs. Juan's therapeutic treatment should focus on redirecting her energy into activities that involve helping others. By engaging in altruistic activities, Mrs. Juan can shift her focus away from her fears and anxieties towards something positive and fulfilling. This approach can help her to find purpose and meaning outside of her own concerns, fostering a sense of well-being and satisfaction. Additionally, helping others can provide Mrs. Juan with a sense of accomplishment and self-worth, ultimately contributing to her overall mental health and emotional resilience.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The client is exhibiting signs and symptoms of respiratory alkalosis. When a person is experiencing respiratory alkalosis, there is an excessive loss of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the body, leading to elevated blood pH. The marked increase in the rate and depth of respirations as well as symptoms of anxiety, restlessness, and irritability are characteristic of respiratory alkalosis. This condition can be caused by hyperventilation, anxiety, or fever, which result in excessive elimination of CO2 from the body, leading to an imbalance in the acid-base status. Treatment for respiratory alkalosis involves addressing the underlying cause, such as providing reassurance to decrease anxiety or managing the breathing pattern to normalize CO2 levels.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: When a patient is at risk of falls due to an impaired gait, a physical therapist would be the most appropriate member of the multidisciplinary team for the nurse to collaborate with. Physical therapists specialize in improving mobility, balance, and coordination through exercises, gait training, and other interventions. They can assess the patient's gait pattern, strength, and balance, and develop a personalized plan to address the impairments contributing to the fall risk. By working closely with a physical therapist, the nurse can help the patient improve their gait and reduce the risk of falls, ultimately promoting safety and independence.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: As a QA nurse, Nurse Jen can adopt concurrent evaluation methods to assess patient outcomes in the unit. The most appropriate options for concurrent evaluation are Face to face interview with nursing staff (III) and Nursing audit from the patient's chart (IV).

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Offering reassurance and encouragement to the patient demonstrates therapeutic communication by the nurse. In this situation, the nurse shows empathy and understanding towards the patient's concerns about the upcoming surgical procedure, which can help alleviate anxiety and build trust. Providing reassurance and encouragement can help the patient feel supported and understood, creating a positive and therapeutic interaction between the nurse and the patient. This approach fosters open communication and helps establish a therapeutic nurse-patient relationship, which is essential for effective patient care.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: When Nurse Sarah distributed a Patient satisfaction survey form to be filled by the consumer upon discharge in a hospital setting, it aligns with the quality standard of identifying Patient rights and welfare. Patient satisfaction surveys aim to gather feedback from patients about their experiences with the health care services provided. By distributing such surveys, the hospital is demonstrating its commitment to ensuring the rights and welfare of patients by seeking their feedback, understanding their concerns, and incorporating their suggestions for improvement. This initiative helps in enhancing the quality of care provided to patients and ultimately contributes to improving overall patient outcomes and satisfaction.