ATI RN
Introduction to Nursing Pdf Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient with metastatic colon cancer has severe vomiting after each administration of chemotherapy. Which action by the nurse is appropriate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Administer prescribed antiemetics 1 hour before the treatments. This is appropriate because antiemetics are medications specifically designed to prevent or reduce nausea and vomiting. By administering antiemetics before chemotherapy, the nurse can help prevent severe vomiting in the patient. Option A is incorrect as large meals may worsen nausea. Option B may not be sufficient for severe vomiting. Option D is incorrect as citrus beverages may aggravate nausea. Administering antiemetics before chemotherapy is the most effective way to manage severe vomiting in this scenario.
Question 2 of 5
A patient who had a total laryngectomy has previously expressed hopelessness about the loss of control over personal care. Which information obtained by the nurse indicates that this identified problem is resolving?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the patient asking to learn how to clean the tracheostomy stoma shows an active interest in regaining control over personal care. This indicates a shift towards empowerment and increased sense of control. Choice A does not necessarily indicate a resolution of hopelessness as the patient allowing the nurse to suction could be due to compliance rather than empowerment. Choice B may show dependency on the spouse for care. Choice D, using a communication board to request no visitors, does not directly address regaining control over personal care.
Question 3 of 5
After the nurse teaches the patient with stage 1 hypertension about diet modifications, which diet choice indicates that the teaching has been most effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because drinking low-fat milk aligns with dietary recommendations for hypertension by providing calcium, potassium, and vitamin D without excess saturated fat. This choice indicates understanding of the importance of nutrient-rich, low-fat dairy in managing blood pressure. A: Avoiding nuts or nut butters is not necessary for stage 1 hypertension and may limit healthy fats and nutrients. B: Restricting chicken and fish may lead to inadequate protein intake and deprive the patient of essential nutrients unless they are high in sodium. D: Having two cups of coffee in the morning can potentially increase blood pressure due to caffeine content and is not recommended for hypertension.
Question 4 of 5
A patient with bacterial pneumonia has rhonchi and thick sputum. What is the nurse's most appropriate action to promote airway clearance?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Assist the patient to splint the chest when coughing. This action helps the patient generate more force during coughing, aiding in sputum clearance. Pursed lip breathing (choice A) is used for patients with COPD, not for bacterial pneumonia. Fluid restrictions (choice C) are not indicated unless there are specific medical reasons. Nasal oxygen cannula (choice D) does not directly address airway clearance.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing clients who have intravenous therapy prescribed. Which assessment finding for a client with a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) requires immediate attention?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because upper extremity swelling in a client with a PICC can indicate a potential complication such as a blood clot or infection, which requires immediate attention to prevent serious complications. Swelling can impede blood flow and cause further issues. A: The initial site dressing being 3 days old may indicate a need for dressing change but does not require immediate attention. B: The PICC being inserted 4 weeks ago is relevant for assessing infection risk but does not require immediate attention. C: Absence of a securement device is important for preventing catheter dislodgement but does not require immediate attention compared to potential complications like swelling.