ATI RN
foundations of nursing practice questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient with low vision has called the clinic and asked the nurse for help with acquiring some lowvision aids. What else can the nurse offer to help this patient manage his low vision?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The patient has diabetes. Diabetes can lead to diabetic retinopathy, a common cause of low vision. By knowing the patient's medical history, the nurse can recommend appropriate low vision aids and refer the patient to an ophthalmologist for further evaluation and management. Incorrect choices: A: The patient uses OTC NSAIDs - NSAIDs are not relevant to managing low vision. B: The patient has a history of stroke - A history of stroke is not directly related to low vision. D: The patient has Asian ancestry - Ancestry is not a factor in managing low vision.
Question 2 of 5
A clinic nurse is caring for a patient admitted with AIDS. The nurse has assessed that the patient is experiencing a progressive decline in cognitive, behavioral, and motor functions. The nurse recognizes that these symptoms are most likely related to the onset of what complication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: HIV encephalopathy. This condition, also known as AIDS dementia complex, is characterized by progressive decline in cognitive, behavioral, and motor functions due to HIV affecting the brain. The onset of these symptoms in the patient is indicative of HIV encephalopathy. Explanation for why other choices are incorrect: B: B-cell lymphoma is a type of cancer that can occur in patients with AIDS, but it typically presents with symptoms related to lymph nodes or other organs, not cognitive decline. C: Kaposis sarcoma is a type of cancer caused by the human herpesvirus 8, and it typically presents with skin lesions or internal organ involvement, not cognitive decline. D: Wasting syndrome is characterized by severe weight loss, weakness, and loss of muscle mass, but it does not directly cause cognitive, behavioral, and motor decline as seen in HIV encephalopathy.
Question 3 of 5
Which instructions should thNe UnuRrsSe IinNclGudTeB w.hCenO tMeaching a pregnant patient with Class II heart disease?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because pregnant patients with Class II heart disease should avoid strenuous activity to prevent further strain on the heart. Strenuous activity can increase the risk of complications in these patients. Option A is incorrect as excessive weight gain can exacerbate heart disease. Option C is incorrect because limiting fluid intake can lead to dehydration, which is harmful during pregnancy. Option D is incorrect as a diet high in calcium is not specifically indicated for pregnant patients with Class II heart disease.
Question 4 of 5
An 18-year-old pregnant female has tested positive for HIV and asks the nurse if her baby is going to be born with HIV. What is the nurses best response?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it provides an accurate and comprehensive response to the pregnant patient's question about the risk of her baby being born with HIV. Here's the step-by-step rationale: 1. Option D acknowledges the possibility of the baby contracting HIV at different stages: before, during, or after delivery. This covers all potential scenarios and educates the patient about the risks. 2. By mentioning the different possible transmission times, the nurse highlights the importance of proper prenatal care, delivery planning, and postnatal care to minimize the risk of HIV transmission to the baby. 3. This response empowers the patient with knowledge about the potential risks and emphasizes the importance of seeking appropriate medical interventions to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV. 4. In contrast, options A, B, and C provide less informative or inaccurate responses that do not address the patient's concerns adequately, making them incorrect choices. In summary, option D is the best response as it educates the patient about the risks of HIV transmission
Question 5 of 5
After contributing to the care of several patients who died in the hospital, the nurse has identified some lapses in the care that many of these patients received toward the end of their lives. What have research studies identified as a potential deficiency in the care of the dying in hospital settings?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Research studies have consistently shown that families' needs for information and support often go unmet in hospital settings when caring for dying patients. This is a crucial deficiency as effective communication and support for families can greatly impact the quality of care provided to the dying patient. When families are not adequately informed and supported, it can lead to increased stress, confusion, and dissatisfaction with the care provided. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not address the specific deficiency identified in research studies. While pain control, communication, and attention from caregivers are important aspects of end-of-life care, the primary focus in this scenario is on the unmet needs of families for information and support. Ignoring families' needs can have significant negative consequences on the overall care provided to the dying patient.