ATI RN
ATI Hematologic System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient with leukemia has developed stomatitis and is experiencing a nutritional deficit. An oral anesthetic has consequently been prescribed. What health education should the nurse provide to the patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Chew with care to avoid inadvertently biting the tongue. Stomatitis causes mouth sores, making it crucial for the patient to be cautious while chewing to prevent accidental injury to the mouth. This helps in reducing pain and promoting healing. Choice B is incorrect because using the oral anesthetic 1 hour prior to mealtime may not provide immediate relief during eating. Choice C is incorrect as brushing teeth before and after eating can irritate the mouth sores further. Choice D is incorrect as swallowing slowly and deliberately does not address the issue of preventing accidental biting of the tongue.
Question 2 of 5
An older adult patient is undergoing diagnostic testing for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). What assessment finding is certain to be present if the patient has CLL?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increased lymphocyte levels. In CLL, there is an overproduction of mature lymphocytes, leading to increased lymphocyte levels in the blood. This is a hallmark feature of CLL. A: Increased numbers of blast cells are typically seen in acute leukemias, not CLL. C: Intractable bone pain is not a typical finding in CLL. It may indicate bone involvement in other types of leukemia. D: Thrombocytopenia with no evidence of bleeding is not a specific finding in CLL. Thrombocytopenia may occur in CLL, but it is not a certain finding; bleeding manifestations are more common in acute leukemias.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who recently started alteplase therapy. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Headache. Alteplase is a thrombolytic medication that can increase the risk of bleeding, including intracranial bleeding, leading to headaches. Monitoring for headaches is crucial to detect any signs of bleeding. Bronchodilation (A) is not a common adverse effect of alteplase. Edema (C) and hypertension (D) are also not typically associated with alteplase therapy. Monitoring for headache is essential for early detection of potentially life-threatening complications.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is about to begin alteplase therapy to treat pulmonary embolism. Which of the following drugs should the nurse have available in the event of a severe adverse reaction?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: Aminocaproic acid is used to manage bleeding complications associated with thrombolytic therapy, like alteplase. In case of severe adverse reaction such as uncontrolled bleeding, aminocaproic acid can help by inhibiting fibrinolysis. Vitamin K (A) is not used for this purpose. Protamine (C) is used to reverse heparin anticoagulation, not for thrombolytic therapy. Deferoxamine (D) is used for iron toxicity, not related to thrombolytic therapy. Thus, having aminocaproic acid available is crucial for managing potential adverse reactions during alteplase therapy.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse should identify that clopidogrel is contraindicated for clients who have which of the following conditions?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Clopidogrel is contraindicated for clients with peptic ulcer disease due to its antiplatelet effect, which can increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. Myocardial infarction, pancreatitis, and myasthenia gravis are not direct contraindications for clopidogrel. Myocardial infarction can actually be an indication for clopidogrel use to prevent further cardiovascular events. Pancreatitis and myasthenia gravis are not known to have specific contraindications with clopidogrel.