ATI RN
Concept of Family Centered Care Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient with HIV asks the nurse if thinking about dying frequently is common with HIV. What is an appropriate response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer C: 1. HIV is now considered a chronic disease with treatment, meaning many individuals can live long and healthy lives with proper medical care. 2. By informing the patient that HIV is a chronic disease, the nurse can provide reassurance and hope. 3. Acknowledging the patient's concerns while highlighting the positive advancements in HIV care can help alleviate anxiety and provide comfort. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: This answer instills fear without providing accurate information about the current state of HIV treatment. B: This answer dismisses the patient's concerns and does not offer any constructive information or support. D: This answer is misleading as HIV mortality rates have significantly decreased with advancements in treatment, and planning for death should not be the primary focus for individuals living with HIV.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is reviewing laboratory results for a patient who has HIV. Which result would be strongly suggestive of a diagnosis of AIDS?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because a CD4+ count of 180/μL is significantly below the normal range (500-1500/μL) and indicative of severe immunosuppression, which is a hallmark of AIDS. CD4+ percentage alone (choice B) may not provide the full picture. CD8+ count (choice C) doesn't directly indicate immune system status in HIV/AIDS. The CD4+/CD8+ ratio (choice D) may be altered in various conditions, not specific to AIDS.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with AIDS-related wasting syndrome is very weak, lies listlessly in bed, has an intravenous (IV) drip, and receives antiretroviral medications via injection. What should be the priority nursing diagnosis for this patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Risk for Infection due to weak immune system and parenteral therapy. This is the priority nursing diagnosis because a patient with AIDS-related wasting syndrome is at high risk for infections due to their weak immune system and parenteral therapy, which can introduce pathogens into the body. Addressing the risk for infection is crucial in preventing further complications and promoting the patient's overall well-being. Choice A (Pain related to immobility) is not the priority as the patient's immobility is not the immediate concern compared to the risk of infection. Choice B (Ineffective Individual Coping due to terminal stage of HIV) may be a valid concern, but ensuring the patient's physical health and preventing infections take precedence. Choice C (Risk for Injury due to impaired mobility, weakness, and weight loss) is important but does not address the immediate threat of infection that the patient faces.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is preparing to read the Mantoux tuberculin skin test placed on the forearm of a patient with HIV. Which finding should the nurse report as a positive test for this patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D (5 mm) for a positive Mantoux test in a patient with HIV. In HIV-positive individuals, a positive test is considered when the induration is ≥5 mm. This is because the immune system may be compromised, leading to a delayed immune response. Choices A, B, and C (2 mm, 3 mm, 4 mm) are not considered positive for HIV-positive individuals due to their weakened immune system, requiring a larger induration size to indicate a positive test.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is preparing to provide education related to HIV transmission at a local community health fair. Which statements should the nurse recommend for inclusion in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Using a new condom for each sex act helps reduce the risk of HIV transmission by preventing the exchange of bodily fluids. Step 2: This practice ensures that there is no risk of contamination from a previously used condom. Step 3: It is a crucial aspect of safe sex practices to protect oneself and others from contracting HIV. Summary: Choice B is correct as it promotes safe sex practices. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not contribute to reducing the risk of HIV transmission.