ATI RN
foundation of nursing questions and answers Questions
Question 1 of 9
A patient with genital herpes is having an acute exacerbation. What medication would the nurse expect to be ordered to suppress the symptoms and shorten the course of the infection?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Acyclovir (Zovirax). Acyclovir is an antiviral medication specifically used to treat herpes infections, including genital herpes. It works by inhibiting the replication of the herpes virus, thereby suppressing symptoms and shortening the course of the infection. Clotrimazole (A) is an antifungal medication used to treat yeast infections, not effective against viral infections like herpes. Metronidazole (B) is an antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections, not effective against viruses. Podophyllin (C) is a topical treatment for genital warts caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV), not effective for herpes. Therefore, the correct choice is Acyclovir (D) for treating genital herpes exacerbation.
Question 2 of 9
A nurse has included the nursing diagnosis of Risk for Latex Allergy Response in a patients plan of care. The presence of what chronic health problem would most likely prompt this diagnosis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hypogammaglobulinemia. This chronic health problem predisposes individuals to latex allergies due to reduced levels of immunoglobulins, increasing susceptibility to allergic reactions. Latex contains proteins that can trigger immune responses in individuals with compromised immune systems. Choice A: Herpes simplex is a viral infection and does not directly relate to latex allergies. Choice B: HIV weakens the immune system but is not specifically associated with latex allergies. Choice C: Spina bifida is a congenital condition affecting the spinal cord and does not directly impact the likelihood of latex allergies.
Question 3 of 9
Before giving the patient an intermittent gastric tube feeding, what should the nurse do?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because injecting air into the stomach via the tube and auscultating helps confirm the tube placement in the stomach before administering the feeding. This step ensures the safety of the patient by preventing accidental lung feeding. Choice A is incorrect because securing the tube with a safety pin to the gown is not a standard practice and can lead to complications. Choice C is incorrect because the temperature of the feeding does not affect the tube placement or safety. Choice D is incorrect because checking the pH level is not a reliable method for verifying tube placement.
Question 4 of 9
You are caring for a patient, a 42-year-old mother of two children, with a diagnosis of ovarian cancer. She has just been told that her ovarian cancer is terminal. When you admitted this patient, you did a spiritual assessment. What question would it have been most important for you to evaluate during this assessment?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Does she have a sense of peace of mind and a purpose to her life? This question is crucial during a spiritual assessment because it addresses the patient's emotional well-being and coping mechanisms in the face of a terminal diagnosis. It helps assess the patient's spiritual beliefs, values, and sources of strength, which can impact their ability to find meaning and comfort during difficult times. It also provides insights into the patient's resilience and ability to navigate their emotions and find peace amidst uncertainty. Choice A is incorrect because it focuses on the patient's ability to deliver negative news to her family, which is important but not as central to the patient's spiritual well-being in this context. Choice C is incorrect as it assumes the patient needs to let go of her husband, which may not be relevant to her spiritual assessment. Choice D is incorrect as it centers on bargaining with God for a cure, which may not be reflective of the patient's spiritual beliefs or needs.
Question 5 of 9
A nurse is teaching the staff about health carereimbursement. Which information should the nurse include in the teaching session?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because documentation by nurses in various settings like home health, long-term care, and hospitals impacts reimbursement. Proper documentation ensures services provided are accurately reflected, influencing reimbursement. Choice B is incorrect as it refers to Meaningful Use requirements for EHRs, not reimbursement. Choice C is incorrect as a "near miss" relates to patient safety, not reimbursement. Choice D is incorrect because HIPAA focuses on privacy and security of patient information, not reimbursement.
Question 6 of 9
Fraternal twins are delivered by your Rh-negative patient. Twin A is Rh-positive and twin B is Rh-negative. Prior to administering Rho(D) immune globulin (RhoGAM), the nurse should determine the results of the
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: indirect Coombs test of the mother. This test is crucial to determine if the mother has developed antibodies against the Rh-positive blood of twin A, which could lead to hemolytic disease of the newborn in future pregnancies. A direct Coombs test of twin A or twin B is not relevant in this scenario as it does not provide information about the mother's antibody status. Transcutaneous bilirubin levels are used to monitor jaundice in newborns and not related to Rh incompatibility. In summary, the indirect Coombs test of the mother is the most relevant test to assess the risk of hemolytic disease in future pregnancies.
Question 7 of 9
During the admission assessment of an HIV-positive patient whose CD4+ count has recently fallen, the nurse carefully assesses for signs and symptoms related to opportunistic infections. What is the most common life-threatening infection?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Pneumocystis pneumonia. This is the most common life-threatening infection in HIV-positive patients with low CD4+ counts. Pneumocystis pneumonia is caused by the opportunistic pathogen Pneumocystis jirovecii, which can lead to severe respiratory distress and mortality in immunocompromised individuals. The other choices, A: Salmonella infection, B: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and C: Clostridium difficile, can also cause infections in HIV-positive patients, but they are not as commonly associated with life-threatening complications in this population compared to Pneumocystis pneumonia. It is crucial for the nurse to prioritize assessment for signs and symptoms of Pneumocystis pneumonia in this patient to promptly intervene and prevent further complications.
Question 8 of 9
A nurse is assessing the patient’s meaning ofillness. Which area of focus by the nurse ispriority?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because understanding how a patient perceives and reacts to their illness is crucial for providing holistic care. By focusing on the patient's perspective, the nurse can address their emotional, mental, and social needs. Choice B is incorrect as it only considers biological aspects. Choice C is incorrect as it only focuses on psychological processes. Choice D is incorrect as it does not directly address the patient's perspective on illness. A holistic approach that considers the patient's meaning of illness is essential for providing patient-centered care.
Question 9 of 9
A 27-year-old female patient is diagnosed with invasive cervical cancer and is told she needs to have a hysterectomy. One of the nursing diagnoses for this patient is disturbed body image related to perception of femininity. What intervention would be most appropriate for this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Reassure the patient that she does not have to have sex to be feminine. Rationale: 1. Acknowledges patient's feelings: By reassuring the patient that she does not have to have sex to be feminine, the nurse validates the patient's emotions and concerns. 2. Addresses societal norms: This intervention challenges societal stereotypes that equate femininity solely with reproductive capabilities. 3. Promotes self-acceptance: Encouraging the patient to embrace her femininity beyond physical aspects fosters self-acceptance and self-worth. 4. Supports holistic care: Recognizing the multifaceted nature of femininity shows a holistic approach to addressing the patient's body image issues. Summary: A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not directly address the patient's specific concerns about her body image and femininity. Choice B is the most appropriate intervention as it validates the patient's feelings and challenges societal norms, promoting self-acceptance and holistic care