ATI RN
ATI Oncology Quiz Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is at risk for tumor lysis syndrome. What laboratory values should the nurse monitor to detect this complication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In the context of pharmacology and oncology, understanding the potential complications of certain conditions like tumor lysis syndrome is crucial for nurses and healthcare providers. In this scenario, the correct answer is option B) Electrolytes and uric acid levels. Tumor lysis syndrome is a potential complication in patients with CLL undergoing treatment, where rapid destruction of cancer cells releases their contents into the bloodstream, leading to metabolic imbalances. Monitoring electrolyte levels, such as potassium, phosphorus, and calcium, is essential to detect any abnormalities that may arise due to tumor lysis. The other options are incorrect because they do not directly relate to the metabolic changes associated with tumor lysis syndrome. Creatinine and BUN (option A) are markers of kidney function, serum glucose and calcium levels (option C) are important for different reasons, and liver enzymes and bilirubin levels (option D) are more indicative of liver function and not specific to tumor lysis syndrome. In an educational context, understanding the rationale behind monitoring specific laboratory values in different clinical situations is vital for providing safe and effective patient care. By knowing which parameters to assess, nurses can promptly identify complications like tumor lysis syndrome and take appropriate actions to manage them, ultimately improving patient outcomes.
Question 2 of 5
A new nurse has been assigned a client who is in the hospital to receive iodine-131 treatment. Which action by the nurse is best?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct answer is option D: Read the policy on handling radioactive excreta. This answer is the best choice because when caring for a client receiving iodine-131 treatment, it is crucial for the nurse to be knowledgeable about handling radioactive substances safely. Reading the policy on handling radioactive excreta ensures that the nurse understands the proper procedures for managing and disposing of radioactive waste, minimizing the risk of exposure to both the client and healthcare providers. Option A is incorrect because placing the client in protective isolation is not necessary for iodine-131 treatment. This intervention is more relevant for clients with conditions that require protection from external pathogens. Option B is also incorrect as there is no need for pregnant visitors to stay 6 feet away from the client receiving iodine-131 treatment unless specifically indicated in the treatment plan. Option C is not the best choice because special precautions are indeed necessary when caring for a client undergoing iodine-131 treatment due to the potential risks associated with radioactive exposure. Understanding the rationale behind the correct answer is essential for nurses to provide safe and effective care to clients receiving such treatments in an oncology setting.
Question 3 of 5
A client with cancer is admitted to a short-term rehabilitation facility. The nurse prepares to administer the client's oral chemotherapy medications. What action by the nurse is most appropriate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In the context of administering oral chemotherapy medications to a client with cancer in a short-term rehabilitation facility, the most appropriate action by the nurse is option D, which is to wear personal protective equipment (PPE) when handling the medications. The rationale behind this is that chemotherapy medications are cytotoxic and can be harmful if they come into contact with the skin or mucous membranes. Wearing PPE such as gloves, gown, and mask provides a barrier of protection for the nurse against potential exposure to these hazardous substances, thereby ensuring the safety of both the nurse and the client. Options A and B are incorrect because crushing oral chemotherapy medications or giving them with just water can alter the medication's intended absorption and effectiveness. Chemotherapy drugs are often formulated in specific ways to ensure their proper release and absorption in the body, and altering this can result in suboptimal treatment outcomes. Option C is also incorrect because all chemotherapy medications require special precautions due to their cytotoxic nature. Failing to take appropriate precautions when handling these medications can lead to serious health risks for healthcare providers and clients alike. In an educational context, it is crucial for nursing students to understand the importance of following safety protocols when administering chemotherapy medications to prevent accidental exposure and ensure the effectiveness of treatment. Emphasizing the use of PPE and proper handling procedures is essential in promoting safe and quality care for clients receiving chemotherapy.
Question 4 of 5
A client hospitalized for chemotherapy has a hemoglobin of 6.1 mg/dL (61 mmol/L). The client is symptomatic but refuses blood transfusions. What medication does the nurse prepare to administer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct medication for the client with a hemoglobin of 6.1 mg/dL who refuses blood transfusions is option A) Epoetin alfa. Epoetin alfa is a medication that stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow, thereby increasing hemoglobin levels. This is crucial for a symptomatic client with a low hemoglobin level as it can improve oxygen-carrying capacity and alleviate symptoms like fatigue and weakness. Option B) Filgrastim is a medication that stimulates the production of white blood cells and is used to prevent infection in patients undergoing chemotherapy. It is not indicated for increasing hemoglobin levels. Option C) Mesna is a uroprotective agent used to prevent hemorrhagic cystitis in patients receiving ifosfamide or cyclophosphamide chemotherapy. It is not indicated for treating low hemoglobin levels. Option D) Dexrazoxane is a cardioprotective agent used to prevent anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity in patients receiving doxorubicin or daunorubicin. It is not indicated for increasing hemoglobin levels. Educationally, understanding the rationale behind using Epoetin alfa in this context highlights the importance of managing hematologic side effects of chemotherapy. It also emphasizes the role of supportive care medications in improving quality of life for oncology patients. This case underscores the need for nurses to be knowledgeable about hematologic parameters and appropriate pharmacological interventions in oncology care.
Question 5 of 5
Four clients are receiving tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Which of these four clients would the nurse assess first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In this scenario, the nurse should assess the client with a serum potassium level of 2.8 mEq/L (2.8 mmol/L) first. This is because tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) can cause electrolyte imbalances, particularly hypokalemia, which can lead to serious cardiac complications like arrhythmias. Therefore, addressing the potassium level promptly is crucial to prevent potential life-threatening issues. Option A (dry, itchy, peeling skin) is a common side effect of TKIs but does not pose an immediate threat to the client's life or require urgent intervention. Option B (serum calcium of 9.2 mg/dL) is within the normal range and does not suggest an acute issue requiring immediate attention. Option D (weight gain of 0.5 lb in 1 day) may indicate fluid retention, but it is not as urgent as correcting a dangerously low potassium level. Educationally, this question highlights the importance of prioritizing assessments based on the potential severity of the client's condition. Understanding the side effects and complications of specific medications, such as TKIs, is crucial for nurses caring for oncology patients to ensure timely and appropriate interventions.