ATI RN
Immune System Drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient with chronic hepatitis C has been prescribed peginterferon alfa 2b (PEG-INTRON). By what route would the nurse administer this drug?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct route for administering peginterferon alfa 2b (PEG-INTRON) is subcutaneously (SQ). This route ensures slow and sustained absorption, maintaining stable drug levels. Administering IM could lead to erratic absorption. Intralesional administration is localized and not suitable for systemic effects. Orally, the drug would be destroyed by the digestive system, rendering it ineffective. SQ is the most appropriate route for PEG-INTRON to achieve optimal therapeutic outcomes.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is preparing a patient to receive immunosuppressant drugs on an outpatient basis. What is the priority for the nurse to arrange for this patient in the home environment?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale for correct answer (C): Providing supportive care and comfort measures is the priority for the nurse preparing a patient for immunosuppressant drugs at home. This is crucial to monitor the patient's well-being, manage side effects, and ensure the patient's comfort during treatment. Supportive care includes monitoring vital signs, managing symptoms, and addressing any concerns the patient may have, which are essential for the patient's safety and well-being. Summary of incorrect choices: A: A caregiver skilled in CPR is important but not the priority. CPR may be needed in emergencies, but ensuring ongoing supportive care and comfort measures take precedence. B: Adequate nutrition is important for overall health but not the immediate priority when preparing a patient for immunosuppressant drugs. D: Having a home care nurse administer injections may be helpful, but it is not the priority. Providing supportive care and comfort measures can be managed by the patient themselves or the caregiver.
Question 3 of 5
The patient underwent an allograft renal transplant 48 hours earlier and is showing signs of rejection. What drug would the nurse expect the physician to order?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Muromonab. Muromonab is a monoclonal antibody that targets T cells, suppressing the immune response and preventing rejection in organ transplant patients. It is used for acute rejection episodes. B: Anakinra is an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist used for autoimmune diseases, not transplant rejection. C: Mycophenolate is an immunosuppressive drug used for maintenance therapy in transplant patients but not for acute rejection. D: Sirolimus is an mTOR inhibitor used for maintenance immunosuppression, not for acute rejection.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a child requiring cyclosporine to prevent rejection. Cyclosporine is given to adults using a dosage of 15 mg/kg. The nurse calculates the child's dosage is 20 mg/kg. What is the nurse's priority action?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Calculate the correct dosage for the child. 2. Compare the calculated dosage to the ordered dosage. 3. If the calculated dosage is higher than the ordered dosage for adults, it is within the safe range for children due to their higher metabolic rate. 4. Administering the drug is the priority as the calculated dosage is appropriate for the child's weight and condition. 5. Holding the dose or reporting the error would be unnecessary as the dosage is safe for the child. Notifying the supervisor is not required as there is no error in this case.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a young adult woman taking immune modulating medications who has been advised to use barrier contraceptives but she wants to start her family. What information can the nurse provide about these drugs to help this patient with her decision-making?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: A: Correct. The nurse should advise the patient to discuss her desire to start a family with her healthcare provider. By doing so, the provider can assess the risks, adjust the medication regimen if necessary, and provide guidance on how to proceed safely during pregnancy. B: Incorrect. Discontinuing immune modulating drugs abruptly can have negative consequences on the patient's health. It is important to have a healthcare provider manage any necessary adjustments to the medication. C: Incorrect. While some immune modulating drugs may have potential risks during pregnancy, not all are highly teratogenic. Each drug should be evaluated individually. D: Incorrect. While pregnancy may require adjustments to the medication regimen, it is not necessarily ruled out as an option. Adoption is a personal choice and should not be presented as the only alternative.