ATI RN
Immune System Drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient with chronic hepatitis C has been prescribed peginterferon alfa 2b (PEG-INTRON). By what route would the nurse administer this drug?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct route for administering peginterferon alfa 2b (PEG-INTRON) is subcutaneously (SQ) because it is a large molecule that needs to be absorbed slowly. Subcutaneous injections allow for a slow and sustained release of the drug into the bloodstream. Intramuscular (IM) administration may cause faster absorption and potential adverse effects due to the large size of the molecule. Intralesional (IL) administration is used for localized skin conditions, not for systemic effects like in chronic hepatitis C. Orally administering PEG-INTRON would result in degradation in the digestive system, rendering it ineffective. Hence, subcutaneous administration is the most appropriate route for this medication.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is preparing a patient to receive immunosuppressant drugs on an outpatient basis. What is the priority for the nurse to arrange for this patient in the home environment?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer (C): Supportive care and comfort measures are the priority for a patient receiving immunosuppressant drugs at home. These medications can weaken the immune system, making the patient more susceptible to infections and complications. Therefore, ensuring that the patient has access to supportive care, such as monitoring for signs of infection, managing side effects, and providing comfort measures, is crucial to promote the patient's well-being and safety at home. Summary of Incorrect Choices: A: While having a caregiver skilled in CPR is important for emergencies, it is not the top priority in this situation. B: Adequate nutrition is essential for overall health but is not the priority when preparing a patient for immunosuppressant drugs. D: While having a home care nurse to administer injections may be beneficial, it is not the priority compared to providing supportive care and comfort measures for the patient's well-being at home.
Question 3 of 5
The patient underwent an allograft renal transplant 48 hours earlier and is showing signs of rejection. What drug would the nurse expect the physician to order?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Muromonab. Muromonab is a monoclonal antibody that targets T-lymphocytes and is used to treat acute rejection in organ transplant patients. It works by suppressing the immune response against the transplanted organ. In this case, the patient showing signs of rejection after an allograft renal transplant would benefit from Muromonab to prevent further rejection. Other choices are incorrect: B: Anakinra is an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist used for conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, not for transplant rejection. C: Mycophenolate is an immunosuppressant that prevents organ rejection by inhibiting T and B cell proliferation, but it is not typically used for acute rejection. D: Sirolimus is an mTOR inhibitor used for maintenance immunosuppression, not for acute rejection treatment.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a child requiring cyclosporine to prevent rejection. Cyclosporine is given to adults using a dosage of 15 mg/kg. The nurse calculates the child's dosage is 20 mg/kg. What is the nurse's priority action?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Calculate correct pediatric dose: Child's weight x 20 mg/kg = X mg 2. Compare X mg to ordered dose: If X mg is within safe range, administer the drug. 3. Administering the drug is crucial for preventing rejection. 4. Holding the dose without confirmation may delay treatment. Summary: - Choice B: Questioning the provider should be done after administering the drug. - Choice C: Incident report is needed only if the incorrect dose has been given. - Choice D: Notifying the supervisor is not necessary if the correct dose is administered.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a young adult woman taking immune modulating medications who has been advised to use barrier contraceptives but she wants to start her family. What information can the nurse provide about these drugs to help this patient with her decision-making?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because it encourages open communication between the patient, nurse, and provider to ensure the best possible outcome for both the patient's health and desire to start a family. By discussing the desire to start a family with the provider, the risks associated with immune modulating medications can be assessed, and appropriate steps can be taken to minimize these risks. This approach allows for personalized care and decision-making based on the individual's specific situation. Choice B is incorrect because discontinuing immune modulating drugs without proper guidance can have negative consequences for the patient's health. Choice C is incorrect because while some immune modulating drugs may have teratogenic effects, not all drugs in this class are equally harmful. Choice D is incorrect as it presents a limited view that pregnancy is not an option without considering individual circumstances and medical advice.