A patient with cancer is receiving a dose of an oral radioactive isotope. What should the nurse keep in mind to ensure personal safety when caring for this patient?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: The distance between the patient and caregivers. This is important in radiation safety as increasing distance reduces radiation exposure. As radiation intensity decreases with distance, keeping a safe distance minimizes the risk of radiation exposure for the nurse. Options A and B are irrelevant to radiation safety. Option D, using a barrier, is not as effective as increasing distance in reducing radiation exposure.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: In stratum malpighi. Melanoblasts are responsible for producing melanin, the pigment that gives skin its color. They are located in the stratum malpighi layer of the epidermis, where they transfer melanin to nearby keratinocytes. Choice A is incorrect because the stratum corneum is the outermost layer of the epidermis composed of dead cells. Choice B is incorrect as the dermis is a layer of skin beneath the epidermis. Choice D is incorrect because melanoblasts are located in the stratum malpighi, not at the junction of epidermis and dermis.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because melanocytes are located in the basal layer of the epidermis (stratum germinativum), where they produce melanin. Melanin then transfers to neighboring keratinocytes to protect the skin from UV radiation. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because melanocytes are not found in the stratum lucidum, subcutaneous layer, or stratum granulosum. The stratum lucidum is a translucent layer without melanocytes, the subcutaneous layer contains adipose tissue but not melanocytes, and the stratum granulosum is the layer above the stratum germinativum where keratinocytes undergo changes in morphology.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, Stratum lucidum of skin. This layer is a thin, transparent layer found in the epidermis of the skin, specifically in hairless areas of the body. It is composed of dead skin cells that are flattened and densely packed. The transparency of this layer is due to the lack of organelles and nuclei in the cells, allowing light to pass through easily. The other choices (A: Stratum spongiosum, B: Epidermis, C: Stratum compactum) do not accurately represent the transparent layer formed in the skin. The epidermis as a whole contains multiple layers, with the stratum lucidum being the specific layer responsible for transparency.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Tears. Lacrimal glands are responsible for producing tears, which help keep the eyes moist and protect them from irritants. Tears contain water, electrolytes, proteins, and enzymes. Sebum (A) is produced by sebaceous glands to lubricate the skin and hair. Cerumin (B) is produced by ceruminous glands in the ear canal to protect the ear from debris. Mucous (D) is produced by mucous membranes to protect and lubricate various tissues in the body. Therefore, the correct answer is tears as lacrimal glands specifically produce this fluid to maintain eye health.