ATI RN
Peter Attia Drugs Cardiovascular PCSK9 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient with bipolar disorder was hospitalized 5 days ago and has received lithium 600 mg TID. The staff now observes agitation, pressured speech, poor personal hygiene, hyperactivity, and bizarre clothing. Select the nurse’s best action.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Measuring the serum lithium level is crucial to assess if the patient is within the therapeutic range. Symptoms of lithium toxicity, such as agitation and hyperactivity, suggest the need for monitoring. B is incorrect as the priority is assessing the medication effectiveness first. C and D are irrelevant to the immediate concern of potential lithium toxicity.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse assesses that a patient has fear as well as increased heart rate and blood pressure. The nurse suspects increased activity of which neurotransmitter?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Norepinephrine. Increased heart rate and blood pressure are physiological responses associated with the "fight or flight" response, which is mediated by the sympathetic nervous system. Norepinephrine is the primary neurotransmitter released by sympathetic nerve endings, leading to these physical symptoms. GABA (A) is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that reduces neuronal excitability and would not cause increased heart rate and blood pressure. Histamine (B) is involved in allergic reactions and immune responses, not directly related to fear responses. Acetylcholine (C) is a neurotransmitter involved in muscle contractions and autonomic functions, but it does not directly modulate fear responses or increase heart rate and blood pressure in the context of fear.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse who administers antipsychotic medication should be ready to explain which neurotransmitters and how they are processed in the brain?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Serotonin and dopamine. Antipsychotic medications work by affecting serotonin and dopamine levels in the brain. Dopamine is involved in regulating emotions and movement, while serotonin plays a role in mood regulation. Understanding how these neurotransmitters are processed is crucial for explaining the mechanism of action of antipsychotic drugs. Choice A is incorrect because GABA is not typically targeted by antipsychotic medications. Choice C is incorrect as it refers to structures rather than neurotransmitters. Choice D is incorrect as it mentions monoamine oxidase inhibitors, which are a different class of drugs than antipsychotics, and serotonin, which is relevant but not the primary neurotransmitter targeted by antipsychotic medications.
Question 4 of 5
A 57-year-old woman being treated for end-stage breast cancer has been using a transdermal opioid analgesic as part of the management of pain. Lately, she has been experiencing breakthrough pain. The nurse expects this type of pain to be managed by
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: administering an immediate-release opioid. Breakthrough pain in cancer patients requires a quick-acting pain relief method. Immediate-release opioids are designed to provide rapid pain relief, making them the appropriate choice in this scenario. NSAIDs (Choice A) may not be sufficient for severe cancer pain. Changing the opioid route to rectal administration (Choice C) may not provide quicker relief than transdermal opioids. Continuing the current therapy without addressing breakthrough pain (Choice D) can lead to inadequate pain control.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is presenting a substance-abuse lecture for teenage girls and is asked about “roofies.” The nurse recognizes that this is the slang term for which substance?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: flunitrazepam. Flunitrazepam is commonly known as "roofies" in slang terms. Step 1: Cocaine (A) is a stimulant drug, not associated with the term "roofies." Step 2: Secobarbital (C) is a barbiturate, not commonly referred to as "roofies." Step 3: Methamphetamine (D) is a stimulant drug, not linked to the term "roofies." Therefore, flunitrazepam (B) is the correct answer due to its association with the slang term "roofies" in substance abuse contexts.