ATI RN
Pharmacology of Drugs Acting on Cardiovascular System PDF Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient with bipolar disorder has rapid cycles. To prepare teaching materials, the nurse anticipates which medication will be prescribed?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Carbamazepine (Tegretol). This medication is commonly prescribed for rapid cycling bipolar disorder due to its mood stabilizing properties. Carbamazepine helps regulate mood swings and prevent frequent cycling. Clonidine (A) is mainly used for hypertension and ADHD. Phenytoin (B) is an antiepileptic drug and not typically used for bipolar disorder. Chlorpromazine (D) is an antipsychotic primarily for schizophrenia. Carbamazepine is the most appropriate choice for managing rapid cycling in bipolar disorder.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse could anticipate that treatment for a patient with memory difficulties might include medications designed to:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because memory difficulties are often associated with a decrease in acetylcholine levels in the brain. Medications that prevent the destruction of acetylcholine can help improve memory function. Option A, increasing dopamine activity, is more related to conditions like Parkinson's disease. Option B, increasing GABA levels, is more relevant to anxiety disorders. Option C, reducing dopamine activity at receptor sites, is not directly linked to memory improvement but rather to conditions like schizophrenia. Thus, option D is the most appropriate choice for addressing memory issues.
Question 3 of 5
Which assessment data would indicate to the nurse that the patient who is prescribed a benzodiazepine is experiencing a medication side effect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Dizziness. Benzodiazepines commonly cause dizziness as a side effect due to their central nervous system depressant effects. Dizziness can be an indicator of the medication affecting the patient's balance and coordination. Reduced irritability (B) and reduced nervousness (C) are actually intended therapeutic effects of benzodiazepines, not side effects. Physiological dependency (D) is a potential long-term consequence of benzodiazepine use but is not a direct side effect that can be easily assessed. Therefore, dizziness is the most immediate and observable sign of a medication side effect in a patient prescribed a benzodiazepine.
Question 4 of 5
A patient is recovering from abdominal surgery, which he had this morning. He is groggy but complaining of severe pain around his incision. What is the most important assessment data to consider before the nurse administers a dose of morphine sulfate to the patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: His respiratory rate. Before administering morphine sulfate, it is crucial to assess the patient's respiratory rate. Opioids like morphine can cause respiratory depression, especially in post-operative patients. Monitoring respiratory rate will help detect any signs of respiratory distress or depression, which can be life-threatening. Pulse rate (A) and appearance of the incision (C) are important but not as critical as respiratory rate in this scenario. The date of his last bowel movement (D) is not directly related to the immediate safety of administering morphine sulfate.
Question 5 of 5
A patient wants to take a ginseng dietary supplement. The nurse instructs the patient to look for which potential adverse effect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Palpitations and anxiety. Ginseng is known to stimulate the central nervous system, potentially leading to palpitations and anxiety. This is an important adverse effect to watch for when taking ginseng. Incorrect Choices: A: Drowsiness - Ginseng is not typically associated with drowsiness, as it is known for its stimulant properties. C: Dry mouth - Dry mouth is not a common adverse effect of ginseng. D: Constipation - Constipation is not a known adverse effect of ginseng.