ATI RN
NCLEX Questions on Oxygenation and Perfusion Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient with asthma is prescribed salmeterol. What is the nurse's priority teaching point?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because salmeterol is a long-acting beta agonist that needs to be taken regularly, twice a day, to control asthma symptoms effectively. This teaching point is crucial for the patient to understand the importance of adherence to the medication regimen. Choice A is incorrect because salmeterol is not a rescue inhaler for immediate relief during an asthma attack. Choice C is incorrect as salmeterol does not require shaking before use. Choice D is incorrect because rinsing the mouth after inhaling is typically advised for corticosteroid inhalers to prevent oral thrush, not for salmeterol.
Question 2 of 5
The health care provider writes an order for bacteriologic testing for a patient who has a positive tuberculosis skin test. Which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because bacteriologic testing for tuberculosis involves blood tests to confirm the diagnosis. The nurse should teach the patient about the reason for these blood tests to ensure understanding and cooperation. Option B is incorrect because a chest x-ray is not the appropriate test for bacteriologic testing. Option C is incorrect as it refers to collecting specimens for other types of tests, not bacteriologic testing. Option D is incorrect because sputum specimens are not typically used for bacteriologic testing for tuberculosis.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with a history of heart failure is experiencing shortness of breath. What is the priority intervention?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer supplemental oxygen. In a patient with heart failure experiencing shortness of breath, the priority intervention is to improve oxygenation. Supplemental oxygen helps increase oxygen levels and alleviate respiratory distress. This is crucial to prevent further deterioration and potential complications. Administering a diuretic (B) would help with fluid overload but does not address the immediate need for oxygen. Administering an IV analgesic (C) is not indicated for shortness of breath in heart failure. Administering a vasodilator (D) may worsen the condition by decreasing blood pressure and cardiac output.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient who has just been diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB). What is the priority nursing action?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, administer rifampin. The priority in caring for a patient with TB is to start anti-TB medications promptly to prevent the spread of the infection. Rifampin is one of the first-line drugs used to treat TB. Administering a PPD test (A) is important for diagnosis but not the priority at this moment. Administering an injectable antihistamine (C) is not indicated for TB treatment. Administering oxygen therapy (D) may be necessary based on the patient's condition but treating the underlying infection with rifampin takes precedence.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is performing tuberculosis (TB) skin tests in a clinic that has many patients who have immigrated to the United States. Which question is most important for the nurse to ask before the skin test?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: How long has it been since you moved to the United States? This question is important because TB prevalence varies in different countries, and individuals who have recently immigrated from high TB burden countries may have a higher risk of TB infection. It helps the nurse assess the individual's potential exposure risk. A: Do you take any over-the-counter (OTC) medications? - This question is not directly related to TB skin testing and does not provide information relevant to assessing TB risk. B: Do you have any family members with a history of TB? - While a family history of TB can be a risk factor, it is not as directly relevant as the timing of immigration in this context. D: Did you receive the bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine for TB? - While BCG vaccination history is important for interpreting TB skin test results, it is not as crucial as determining recent immigration status when assessing TB risk.