ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Across the Lifespan Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient with asthma is prescribed fluticasone. Fluticasone is classified as:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: A corticosteroid. Fluticasone is a corticosteroid that works by reducing inflammation in the airways, which is crucial in managing asthma. Corticosteroids are the mainstay of asthma treatment as they help to decrease airway inflammation and prevent asthma symptoms. Choice A, a beta-agonist, is incorrect because beta-agonists work by relaxing the muscles around the airways and are usually used as rescue inhalers for quick relief of asthma symptoms. Choice C, a leukotriene modifier, is incorrect as leukotriene modifiers work by blocking the action of certain immune system chemicals that cause asthma symptoms, but they are not the classification for fluticasone. Choice D, an anticholinergic agent, is incorrect as anticholinergics work by blocking acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that causes airway constriction, and are typically used in conditions like COPD, not as the
Question 2 of 5
A 64-year-old man suffering from benign prostatic hyperplasia presented to his physician complaining of generalized itching. The problem began 1 week earlier, after an afternoon of prolonged sun exposure. The patient reported that the itching was distressing, especially during the night. Physical examination showed an enlarged prostate and no other evidence of ongoing disease. Which of the following drugs would be appropriate for this patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Loratadine. Loratadine is a second-generation antihistamine that is commonly used to relieve symptoms of allergies, including itching. In this case, the patient's generalized itching is likely due to an allergic reaction triggered by sun exposure. Loratadine can help alleviate the itching without causing excessive sedation, making it suitable for an elderly patient. A: Cyproheptadine is a first-generation antihistamine that can cause significant sedation and anticholinergic side effects, making it less ideal for an elderly patient. B: Diphenhydramine is also a first-generation antihistamine that can cause sedation and anticholinergic side effects, which may not be well-tolerated by the elderly patient. C: Famotidine is a histamine-2 (H2) receptor antagonist used to reduce stomach acid production and treat ulcers, not itching related to allergic reactions.
Question 3 of 5
A 43-year-old man with a long history of exertional angina was recently diagnosed with migraine. Which of the following anti-migraine drugs would be contraindicated in this patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Sumatriptan. As a 43-year-old man with a history of exertional angina, sumatriptan is contraindicated due to its potential vasoconstrictive effects, which can exacerbate angina symptoms and increase the risk of cardiovascular events. Aspirin (A) is commonly used for cardiovascular protection. Acetaminophen (B) is a safe option for pain relief in patients with angina. Ibuprofen (D) should be used with caution but is not contraindicated as it mainly affects platelet function rather than causing significant vasoconstriction.
Question 4 of 5
A28-year-old woman who was 26 weeks' pregnant had been recently diagnosed with classic migraine. Which of the following drugs would be appropriate to reduce the frequency and severity of her migraine attacks?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Propranolol. Propranolol is a beta-blocker commonly used to prevent migraines by reducing the frequency and severity of attacks. It works by blocking the action of certain natural chemicals in the body that trigger migraines. Choice A, Ergonovine, is not indicated for migraine prevention and is used for other purposes. Choice C, Ergotamine, is an older medication with more side effects and contraindications compared to propranolol. Choice D, Valproic acid, is also used for migraine prevention but may not be the best choice for a pregnant woman due to potential risks to the fetus.
Question 5 of 5
What does 'pharmacokinetics' include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.