ATI RN
The Hematologic System ATI Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient with advanced leukemia is responding poorly to treatment. The nurse finds the patient tearful and trying to express his feelings, but he is clearly having difficulty. What is the nurse's most appropriate action?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because it demonstrates empathy and support. By asking if the patient would like the nurse to sit with him, it shows willingness to provide comfort and assistance. This action allows the patient to feel supported while expressing his feelings. Choice A is incorrect because leaving the patient alone may make him feel abandoned. Choice B is not the most immediate action needed in this situation. Choice D is incorrect because it assumes understanding without actively offering support.
Question 2 of 5
Diagnostic testing has resulted in a diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in an adult patient who is otherwise healthy. The patient and the care team have collaborated and the patient will soon begin induction therapy. The nurse should prepare the patient for which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: An aggressive course of chemotherapy. In the treatment of AML, induction therapy typically involves a combination of chemotherapy drugs to achieve remission. Chemotherapy targets rapidly dividing cancer cells in the bone marrow. This approach aims to eradicate leukemic cells and allow normal blood cell production to resume. Daily treatment with targeted medications (choice A) is not typically the first-line approach for AML. Radiation therapy (choice B) is not commonly used in the induction phase of AML treatment. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (choice C) is a treatment option for certain cases of AML but is usually considered after achieving remission with chemotherapy. Therefore, the most appropriate preparation for the patient in this scenario is to expect an aggressive course of chemotherapy to begin induction therapy.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient who is being treated for leukemia in the hospital. The patient was able to maintain her nutritional status for the first few weeks following her diagnosis but is now exhibiting early signs and symptoms of malnutrition. In collaboration with the dietitian, the nurse should implement what intervention?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Provide the patient with several small, soft-textured meals each day. This intervention is appropriate for the patient showing early signs of malnutrition as it aims to increase the patient's nutrient intake in a manageable way. Small, soft-textured meals are easier for the patient to consume and digest, promoting better absorption of nutrients. This approach also aligns with the principle of promoting oral intake whenever possible before resorting to more invasive measures like TPN or PEG tube placement. Incorrect choices: A: Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is typically reserved for patients who cannot tolerate oral feeding at all or have significant malabsorption issues. B: Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube placement is usually considered if the patient cannot meet their nutritional needs orally in the long term. D: Assigning responsibility for the patient's nutrition to friends and family is not a sustainable or appropriate solution for addressing malnutrition in a hospitalized patient.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic stable angina. The nurse should identify that which of the following drugs inhibits the action of adenosine diphosphate receptors (ADP) on platelets and can be prescribed to reduce the client's risk for myocardial infarction?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: 1. Clopidogrel inhibits ADP receptors on platelets, reducing platelet aggregation and clot formation. 2. By reducing platelet aggregation, clopidogrel decreases the risk of myocardial infarction in patients with chronic stable angina. 3. Heparin acts by inhibiting thrombin and factor Xa, not ADP receptors. 4. Warfarin inhibits vitamin K-dependent clotting factors, not ADP receptors. 5. Alteplase is a thrombolytic agent that dissolves blood clots, not an ADP receptor inhibitor.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is about to begin factor VIII therapy to treat hemophilia A. When administering factor VIII, which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because having emergency equipment ready is crucial due to the risk of allergic reactions or complications associated with factor VIII therapy. This includes supplies for managing anaphylaxis or other adverse reactions, such as epinephrine, antihistamines, and airway support. Administering the powdered form orally (A) is incorrect as factor VIII is given intravenously. Premedicating with aspirin (B) is contraindicated as aspirin can increase the risk of bleeding. Administering it via rapid IV bolus (C) is dangerous as it can lead to adverse effects like hypotension or clotting. Having emergency equipment ready ensures prompt and effective management of any potential complications.