ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Practice A Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient with a new prescription for a HMG-CoA (statin) drug is instructed to take the
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The best response among the options provided is "This timeframe correlates better with the natural diurnal rhythm of cholesterol production." Statins work by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme responsible for cholesterol production in the liver. Cholesterol synthesis follows a diurnal rhythm, with higher levels produced at night. Therefore, taking a statin medication in the evening aligns with the body's natural pattern of cholesterol synthesis, optimizing the drug's effectiveness. This explanation helps the patient understand the rationale behind the timing of taking the medication and promotes better adherence to the prescribed regimen.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is aware that the following solutions are routinely used to flush an IV device before and after the administration of blood to a patient is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: 0.9 percent sodium chloride, also known as normal saline, is routinely used to flush an IV device before and after the administration of blood to a patient. Normal saline is isotonic, meaning it has a similar concentration of salt and water as the body's cells. This makes it compatible for use in various medical procedures, including flushing IV devices to ensure patency and prevent clotting. Other solutions like 5 percent dextrose in water, sterile water, and heparin sodium are not typically used for flushing IV devices before and after blood administration.
Question 3 of 5
A patient with a new prescription for a HMG-CoA (statin) drug is instructed to take the
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The best response among the options provided is "This timeframe correlates better with the natural diurnal rhythm of cholesterol production." Statins work by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme responsible for cholesterol production in the liver. Cholesterol synthesis follows a diurnal rhythm, with higher levels produced at night. Therefore, taking a statin medication in the evening aligns with the body's natural pattern of cholesterol synthesis, optimizing the drug's effectiveness. This explanation helps the patient understand the rationale behind the timing of taking the medication and promotes better adherence to the prescribed regimen.
Question 4 of 5
Of the following salicylates, which does not exhibit an analgesic effects:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Salicylic acid, which is the parent compound of the salicylate drug class, does not exhibit analgesic effects. In order to have analgesic effects, such as pain relief, salicylic acid needs to be modified into derivatives like acetyl salicylic acid (aspirin), sodium salicylate, salicylamide, and diflunisal. These derivatives possess analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory properties due to their ability to inhibit cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX) and subsequently decrease prostaglandin production.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is performing a health history on a patient who is ordered to begin therapy with valproic
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Valproic acid is known to have potential hepatotoxicity, meaning it can damage the liver. Therefore, if a patient already has liver disease, it can increase the risk of further liver damage when taking valproic acid. The nurse needs to be particularly cautious when a patient with pre-existing liver disease is prescribed this medication, as close monitoring of liver function tests will be necessary to detect any signs of liver damage early on. It is important to assess and consider the patient's liver condition before initiating valproic acid therapy to prevent potential adverse effects.