ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Assessment 2 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient with a history of pancreatitis and cirrhosis is also being treated for hypertension. Which drug will most likely be ordered for this patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Given the patient's medical history of pancreatitis and cirrhosis, both conditions can affect the functioning of the liver and potentially interact with medications that are metabolized by the liver. Captopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, which is often a preferred choice for patients with liver disease as it has minimal hepatic metabolism. This decreased reliance on hepatic metabolism makes captopril a safer choice for this patient compared to other antihypertensive medications that may cause liver-related complications. Additionally, ACE inhibitors like captopril are commonly used in patients with hypertension to help reduce blood pressure and protect against further complications related to cardiovascular health.
Question 2 of 5
After a severe auto accident, a patient has been taken to the trauma unit and has an estimated
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Packed red blood cells (PRBCs) are the most appropriate product to administer after a severe auto accident when there is significant blood loss and anemia. PRBCs are used to increase the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood and improve tissue oxygenation. They are specifically designed to deliver red blood cells without the unnecessary components found in whole blood. This targeted approach helps to avoid volume overload and reduce the risk of complications such as transfusion reactions. In a trauma situation where there is active bleeding and a need to rapidly restore oxygen-carrying capacity, PRBCs are the preferred blood product.
Question 3 of 5
When applying transdermal nitroglycerin patches, which instruction by the nurse is correct?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rotating the application sites of transdermal nitroglycerin patches is important to prevent skin irritation and tolerance development. By changing the site with each dose, the nurse ensures proper absorption of the medication and reduces the risk of skin reactions. It is not recommended to always apply the patch to the same site, as this can lead to localized skin irritation. It is also important to avoid using areas with a lot of hair or bony prominences, as well as to avoid areas with scars or skin folds. Rotation of application sites helps maintain the effectiveness of the nitroglycerin patch therapy.
Question 4 of 5
When monitoring a patient for signs of hypokalemia, the nurse looks for what early sign?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Muscle weakness is an early sign of hypokalemia. Potassium plays a crucial role in maintaining proper muscle function, so low potassium levels can lead to muscle weakness and fatigue. As potassium is essential for nerve impulses and muscle contractions, a decrease in potassium can impair muscle strength and function. Therefore, when monitoring a patient for signs of hypokalemia, the nurse should look for muscle weakness as an early indicator. Seizures, cardiac dysrhythmias, and diarrhea are potential complications that can occur if hypokalemia is severe and left untreated.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following is an action of the drug Metformin?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Metformin is a commonly prescribed medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. One of the main actions of Metformin is to decrease hepatic glucose production by suppressing gluconeogenesis in the liver. By reducing the amount of glucose produced by the liver, Metformin helps lower blood sugar levels in individuals with diabetes. This action helps improve insulin sensitivity and overall glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. The other options provided in the question do not describe the primary mechanism of action of Metformin.