A patient with a history of heart failure is prescribed a beta-blocker. Which assessment finding indicates a therapeutic effect of beta-blocker therapy?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Beta-blockers are medications commonly used in the management of heart failure. One of the therapeutic effects of beta-blockers is to decrease the heart rate. By blocking the action of adrenaline on the heart, beta-blockers help to slow down the heart rate, reduce the workload on the heart, and improve overall heart function. In patients with heart failure, a decreased heart rate is a favorable outcome as it can help improve cardiac output and reduce symptoms of heart failure such as fatigue and shortness of breath. Monitoring the heart rate is an important assessment parameter to evaluate the effectiveness of beta-blocker therapy in patients with heart failure. Therefore, a decreased heart rate would indicate a therapeutic effect of beta-blocker therapy in this patient.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The liver is responsible for secreting bile, which aids in the emulsification and digestion of fats. Bile is produced by the liver and is stored and concentrated in the gallbladder before being released into the small intestine to help with the breakdown of fats during the digestion process. The gallbladder functions as a storage organ for bile produced by the liver. The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes and bicarbonate to aid in the digestion process, while the spleen is mainly involved in immune function and blood storage.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the nurse can be sued for malpractice. Malpractice refers to the failure of a professional, in this case, a nurse, to provide the standard of care that a reasonably prudent nurse would have provided in similar circumstances, resulting in harm to the patient. Administering an extra dose of vaccine leading to an adverse reaction and death of the patient is considered a form of medical malpractice as it involves a breach in the standard of care. Generally, malpractice cases involve errors or negligence in the performance of professional duties, which result in harm to the patient.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In terms of social support therapy for a patient with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), the most appropriate and therapeutic option would be for the patient to live in the community with appropriate support, either independently or in a supervised setting. This approach allows the individual to maintain a sense of autonomy and independence while still having access to necessary support and care as needed. Living in the community promotes social interaction, engagement, and a sense of normalcy, which can contribute positively to the patient's mental well-being and overall quality of life. This approach also aligns with the principles of person-centered care, focusing on the individual's preferences, needs, and autonomy.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Delegation by succession involves passing on responsibility and authority to a designated successor when the delegator is temporarily unavailable. In this scenario, the unit manager is planning to take her regular official business leave and has recommended her assistant unit manager to assume her position during her absence. This act follows the principle of succession, where the deputy or next in line is entrusted with the duties and decision-making power of the manager. This ensures a smooth transition of responsibilities and allows the operations to continue efficiently in the manager's absence.