A patient with a history of chronic liver disease presents with jaundice, ascites, and spider angiomas. Laboratory tests reveal elevated serum bilirubin levels, prolonged prothrombin time, and hypoalbuminemia. Which condition is the patient most likely experiencing?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The patient's presentation of jaundice, ascites, spider angiomas, elevated serum bilirubin levels, prolonged prothrombin time, and hypoalbuminemia are all indicative of cirrhosis. Cirrhosis is a late stage of liver disease characterized by liver scarring and poor liver function. Jaundice, which is the yellowing of the skin and eyes due to elevated bilirubin levels, is a common manifestation of liver dysfunction seen in cirrhosis. Ascites, the accumulation of fluid in the abdomen, is also a common complication of cirrhosis. Spider angiomas, which are small blood vessels near the skin's surface, are a result of altered blood flow in the liver due to cirrhosis. Prolonged prothrombin time and hypoalbuminemia are consequences of reduced liver synthesis function in cirrhosis. Hepatic encephalopathy and hepatorenal syndrome

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The sudden onset of shortness of breath, chest pain, and cyanosis in a postpartum client could be indicative of a pulmonary embolism, a potentially life-threatening condition. Therefore, it is crucial to notify the healthcare provider immediately for further assessment and management. Prompt intervention is essential in this situation to prevent any potential complications and ensure the client receives appropriate care as soon as possible. Placing the client in a semi-Fowler's position or administering supplemental oxygen therapy may provide temporary relief, but the priority is to seek immediate medical attention. Consulting with the healthcare provider ensures that the client receives the necessary interventions promptly.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The most appropriate action for a concerned nurse when nurses are projected as sex symbols in a television advertisement is to make a position paper to denounce the advertisement. This approach allows the nurse to voice their concerns in a formal and professional manner. By creating a position paper, the nurse can clearly outline why the portrayal is inappropriate and advocate for more respectful representations of nursing in the media. This action is constructive, proactive, and focuses on initiating change through advocacy and education. It is a thoughtful and strategic way to address the issue and raise awareness about the importance of respecting the nursing profession.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Toddlers are typically children who are 1 to 3 years old. In this context, the toddlers are children in the age range of 9 to 36 months old. This period is marked by significant cognitive, emotional, and social development as children in this age group start to explore their environments, develop their language skills, begin to understand emotions, and interact with others. It is a crucial stage in a child's development where they start becoming more independent and forming their own identities.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The most important intervention for managing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in a patient undergoing mechanical ventilation in the ICU is to start appropriate antimicrobial therapy targeting MRSA. Vancomycin or linezolid are commonly used antibiotics for MRSA infections. These medications are effective against MRSA and can help in treating the infection and preventing further complications. It is crucial to initiate antimicrobial therapy promptly once the diagnosis of VAP caused by MRSA is suspected or confirmed to improve patient outcomes. Other interventions such as bronchoalveolar lavage for diagnostic purposes, contact precautions, or antifungal therapy may be relevant but the priority is to start effective antibiotic therapy to target the specific pathogen causing the infection.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: As a nurse manager, the most effective way to let the staff imbibe the culture of quality at the health center is to become a role model. Leading by example is a powerful way to influence behavior and attitudes within a team. By demonstrating a commitment to quality in your own work, behavior, and decision-making, you set a positive example for your staff to follow. This proactive approach creates a culture of quality that is more likely to be embraced by the team as they see it being consistently demonstrated by their leader. This can result in improved staff morale, motivation, and overall performance in delivering quality care to patients. Additionally, being a role model fosters trust and respect among the staff, which is essential for building a strong team dynamic centered around quality healthcare delivery.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: When writing a memorandum, clarity in the content is the most important guideline to follow. It is crucial that the information provided in the memorandum is clearly understood by the recipients. Clear content ensures that the intended message is effectively communicated, reducing the possibility of confusion or misinterpretation. By focusing on clarity, the purpose of the memorandum can be effectively conveyed, maintaining professionalism and ensuring that the recipients are well-informed.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Sarah's condition seems to be related to growth and wound healing issues, based on the provided clinical manifestations. Decrease libido is typically unrelated to conditions like edema, poor wound healing, and absence of growth in the pubic area. Therefore, it would not be a complaint stemming from Sarah's condition.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In a stratified sampling method, the population is divided into subgroups or strata based on certain characteristics that are relevant to the research objective. This allows for representation from each subgroup in the sample, ensuring that different segments of the population are taken into account.