ATI RN
ATI Hematologic System Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient with a diagnosis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is being treated with induction therapy on the oncology unit. What nursing action should be prioritized in the patient's care plan?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Protective isolation and vigilant use of standard precautions. This is the priority because patients with AML undergoing induction therapy are immunocompromised and at high risk for infection. Isolating the patient and using standard precautions help prevent exposure to pathogens. B: Providing a high-calorie, low-texture diet and oral hygiene is important but not the priority as infection control takes precedence. C: Including the family in planning activities of daily living is beneficial for holistic care but not the priority compared to infection prevention. D: Monitoring and treating pain is essential, but in this case, infection prevention is the priority due to the patient's immunocompromised state.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a prescribed dose of desmopressin to a client who has hemophilia A. The client's laboratory results indicate that the client has a sodium level of 130 mEq/L. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Clarify the prescription with the provider. Desmopressin is a medication that can cause hyponatremia, especially in patients with low sodium levels like this client. Before administering desmopressin, the nurse should consult with the provider to ensure it is safe to administer the medication given the client's sodium level. Administering the drug without clarifying may worsen the hyponatremia. Choice B is incorrect because administering the drug with an analgesic is not necessary or relevant in this situation. Choice C is incorrect because desmopressin is typically administered via injection, not orally. Choice D is incorrect because assessing factor IX levels is not directly related to the administration of desmopressin in this scenario.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking clopidogrel to prevent stent restenosis. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse reactions?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Thrombocytopenia. Clopidogrel is an antiplatelet medication that works by inhibiting platelet aggregation. Therefore, monitoring for thrombocytopenia, a decrease in platelet count, is crucial to assess the drug's effectiveness and potential side effects. Hyperuricemia (A) is not directly associated with clopidogrel use. Hyponatremia (B) is not a common adverse reaction of clopidogrel. Lymphocytopenia (C) is not typically linked to clopidogrel and is more commonly seen with other medications or conditions.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking filgrastim to treat neutropenia. The nurse should assess the client for which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why choice C is correct: 1. Filgrastim stimulates the production of neutrophils. 2. An enlarged spleen can indicate an increase in neutrophils. 3. Therefore, assessing the client for an enlarged spleen is crucial to monitor the drug's effectiveness and potential adverse effects. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: A: Dusky nail beds - Not directly related to filgrastim or neutropenia. B: Petechiae - Typically associated with low platelet count, not neutrophil increase. D: Swollen calf - Unlikely to be a direct adverse effect of filgrastim for neutropenia.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is about to begin taking aspirin to reduce the risk of a cardiovascular event. The nurse should identify that the drug inhibits platelet aggregation by which of the following mechanisms?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Inhibiting cyclooxygenase action in platelets. Aspirin inhibits cyclooxygenase, specifically COX-1, in platelets, leading to the inhibition of thromboxane A2 production. Thromboxane A2 is a potent platelet aggregator. By inhibiting its production, aspirin reduces platelet aggregation, thus reducing the risk of cardiovascular events. A: Activating thromboxane A2 - This is incorrect because aspirin actually inhibits the production of thromboxane A2. B: Blocking adenosine diphosphate receptor agonists - This is incorrect because aspirin primarily works through the inhibition of cyclooxygenase, not adenosine diphosphate receptors. C: Suppressing specific clotting factors - This is incorrect because aspirin's primary mechanism of action is through platelet inhibition, not through suppressing clotting factors.