A patient whose history includes experiences with abusive partners is being treated for major depressive disorder. The patient's care plan includes rape-trauma syndrome among its nursing diagnoses. What goal is directly associated with this diagnosis?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Reports feeling stronger and having a sense of hopefulness. This goal is directly associated with rape-trauma syndrome as it focuses on the patient's emotional healing and empowerment. By reporting feeling stronger and having hope, the patient is demonstrating progress towards recovery from the trauma. Choice A is incorrect because remaining free from self-harm is more related to monitoring safety rather than addressing the emotional impact of the trauma. Choice B is irrelevant as wearing appropriate clothing does not directly address the emotional healing process. Choice D is incorrect as demonstrating appropriate affect does not specifically target the psychological aspect of overcoming trauma.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because avoiding environmental risks during pregnancy can help mitigate possible causes of intellectual disability. Environmental factors such as exposure to toxins, infections, and poor nutrition can have a significant impact on fetal brain development. By educating parents about these risks, nurses can empower them to make informed choices to protect their baby's cognitive development. Choice A is incorrect because treatment options are not preventive measures to avoid intellectual disability. Choice C is incorrect because while genetics can play a role in intellectual disability, it is not something parents can actively mitigate during pregnancy. Choice D is incorrect because learning disabilities are different from intellectual disabilities, and addressing them at school age is not a preventive measure during pregnancy.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Interpersonal. This concept aligns with Erikson's psychosocial theory, which emphasizes the importance of resolving developmental tasks at each stage of life. Interpersonal therapy focuses on relationships and interactions with others, making it the most suitable model for addressing growth through the life cycle. Choice B (Cognitive-behavioral) focuses on thoughts and behaviors, not developmental stages. Choice C (Intrapersonal) refers to self-awareness and understanding, not specifically addressing life stages. Choice D (Psychoanalytic) focuses on unconscious processes and early childhood experiences, not necessarily on resolving tasks through different life stages.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it demonstrates empathy and encourages the client to express their feelings. By asking if the client feels that no one understands, the nurse acknowledges the client's emotions and opens the door for further discussion. Choice A is confrontational and may make the client defensive. Choice C dismisses the client's feelings and is not validating. Choice D is a vague reassurance that does not address the client's concerns.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The term that best applies to the newly diagnosed cases of PTSD is "Incidence" (Choice C). Incidence refers to the rate of new cases of a disease within a specific population over a defined period. In this case, the 140 individuals newly diagnosed with PTSD in the 2 years following the tornado represent the occurrence of new cases within the community of 400 people. This term specifically addresses the number of new cases arising from a particular event or exposure. Summary: A: Prevalence refers to the total number of cases (new and existing) within a population at a specific point in time. B: Comorbidity refers to the presence of two or more conditions in an individual at the same time. D: Parity refers to equality or equivalence, which is not relevant to the context of new PTSD diagnoses post-tornado.