ATI RN
Pediatric Research Questions Questions
Question 1 of 9
A patient who was walking in the woods disturbed a beehive, was stung, and was taken to the emergency department immediately due to allergies to bee stings. Which of the ff. symptoms would the nurse expect to see upon admission of this patient? i.Pallor around the sting bites iv. Retinal hemorrhage ii.Numbness and tingling in the extremities v. Tachycardia iii.Respiratory stridor vi. Dyspnea
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse would expect to see respiratory stridor (iii), tachycardia (v), and dyspnea (vi) upon admission of the patient who was stung by a bee, particularly if the patient has allergies to bee stings. These symptoms are indicative of an allergic reaction, which can progress to anaphylaxis in severe cases. Symptoms such as pallor around the sting bites (i), retinal hemorrhage (iv), and numbness and tingling in the extremities (ii) are not typically associated with an allergic reaction to a bee sting.
Question 2 of 9
A 2-mo-old male infant has a left flank mass discovered incidentally by the mother; radiological imaging reveals a left renal mass. Of the following, the MOST likely diagnosis is
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Nephroblastoma (Wilms tumor) is the most common renal malignancy in infants.
Question 3 of 9
The nurse caring for an adult client. The nurse will need to monitor for which of the following metabolic complications?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Monitoring for hyperglycemia and hypokalemia is crucial when caring for an adult client, especially if the client has a history of diabetes or other conditions that can affect glucose and potassium levels.
Question 4 of 9
Which gauge IV cannula should the nurse choose when preparing to initiate a blood transfusion?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An 18-gauge IV cannula is the most appropriate choice when preparing to initiate a blood transfusion. This larger size allows for the rapid administration of blood products, which is important to prevent clotting and ensure a stable flow of the transfusion. Smaller gauge sizes, such as 22, 24, or 28, may be too slow for transfusion purposes and could potentially lead to delays or complications during the procedure. Therefore, the optimal choice for initiating a blood transfusion is an 18-gauge IV cannula.
Question 5 of 9
The MOST common cause of sleeping difficulty in the first 2 months of life is
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Colic is a frequent cause of sleep difficulties in young infants.
Question 6 of 9
A patient with a history of endocarditis is undergoing a bowel resection. The nurse explains that the prophylactic antibiotics prevent which of the following?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Prophylactic antibiotics are given to prevent the recurrence or complications of endocarditis in patients with a history of the condition. Endocarditis is an infection of the inner lining of the heart chambers and valves. One of the serious complications of endocarditis is the formation of vegetative emboli, which are clusters of bacteria and fibrin that can break off and travel through the bloodstream, potentially causing blockages in various organs. By preventing endocarditis, the antibiotics also help reduce the risk of vegetative emboli formation during surgical procedures or other situations where bacteria may enter the bloodstream. Therefore, the nurse's explanation to the patient about the prophylactic antibiotics is focused on preventing complications related to endocarditis, including the formation of vegetative emboli.
Question 7 of 9
Nurse Raymond is handling a group of student nurses and he is teaching them about fluids and electrolytes. He is correct when he says that a substance moves from an area of higher concentration, this is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. In the context of fluids and electrolytes, this process plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance of these substances in the body. Nurse Raymond is correct in stating that diffusion is the mechanism by which substances move down their concentration gradient. Osmosis involves the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane, filtration is the process of separating substances based on size through a filtering mechanism, and active transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient.
Question 8 of 9
Immunity to a disease after recovery is possible because the first exposure to the pathogen has stimulated the formation of which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Immunity to a disease after recovery is possible because the first exposure to the pathogen has stimulated the formation of memory cells. Memory cells are a type of immune cell that "remembers" the specific pathogen encountered during the initial infection. When the same pathogen tries to infect the individual again, these memory cells quickly recognize the pathogen and mount a faster and stronger immune response, leading to a quicker recovery and preventing the person from getting sick again from the same pathogen. This immune memory is the basis of acquired immunity, providing long-lasting protection against future infections by the same pathogen.
Question 9 of 9
The nurse is caring for a newborn with respiratory distress syndrome. The newborn has an endotracheal tube. Which statement describes nursing considerations related to suctioning?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Suctioning should not be carried out routinely in a newborn with respiratory distress syndrome and an endotracheal tube. Routine, frequent suctioning can lead to airway trauma, damage to mucous membranes, and increased risk of infection. Suctioning should only be performed when there are clinical indications such as visible secretions or signs of respiratory distress. Each suctioning event should be carefully assessed and performed with gentle technique to minimize potential harm to the newborn's delicate airway.