ATI RN
Cardiovascular Drug Interactions PDF Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient who received heparin begins to bleed. The nurse anticipates that the health care provider will order which antidote?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Protamine sulfate. Heparin is an anticoagulant medication, and protamine sulfate is its antidote by binding to heparin to neutralize its anticoagulant effects. Phytonadione (Vitamin K) is used to reverse the effects of warfarin, not heparin. Aminocaproic acid is used to treat bleeding due to fibrinolysis, not heparin-induced bleeding. Potassium chloride is not an antidote for heparin-induced bleeding.
Question 2 of 5
The objective information that has helped mental health professionals understand that schizophrenia has a biological component has been obtained primarily from which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies. MRI studies provide direct visual evidence of structural brain abnormalities in individuals with schizophrenia, supporting the biological component of the disorder. This objective information helps mental health professionals understand the biological basis of schizophrenia. A: Genetic studies may provide insights into the heritability of schizophrenia, but MRI studies offer more concrete evidence of biological abnormalities. B: Patient histories may provide valuable clinical information but are subjective and may not directly demonstrate the biological underpinnings of schizophrenia. C: Comparisons of blood chemistries may offer some insights into potential biomarkers, but MRI studies provide more direct evidence of structural brain abnormalities associated with schizophrenia.
Question 3 of 5
During a fishing trip, a patient pierced his finger with a large fishhook. He is now in the emergency department to have it removed. The nurse anticipates that which type of anesthesia will be used for this procedure?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because infiltration of the puncture wound with lidocaine is the most appropriate anesthesia for removing a fishhook. Lidocaine will provide local anesthesia, numbing the area around the wound to reduce pain during the procedure. It is a common practice in emergency medicine to use local anesthesia for wound care and minor procedures. Explanation for other choices: A: No anesthesia - not using any anesthesia can lead to significant pain and discomfort for the patient. B: Topical benzocaine spray on the area - benzocaine spray may not provide sufficient depth of anesthesia for a procedure involving a deep puncture wound like a fishhook. C: Topical prilocaine (EMLA) cream around the site - while EMLA cream can provide some local anesthesia, it may not be as effective as lidocaine infiltration for a wound involving a fishhook.
Question 4 of 5
When counseling a male patient about the possible adverse effects of antihypertensive drugs, the nurse will discuss which potential problem?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Impotence. Antihypertensive drugs can lead to erectile dysfunction in males due to their impact on blood flow and nerve function. This side effect can significantly impact a patient's quality of life and adherence to treatment. Incorrect choices: B: Bradycardia - Antihypertensive drugs may cause bradycardia, but it is more commonly associated with beta-blockers. C: Increased libido - Antihypertensive drugs are not known to increase libido; in fact, some may decrease libido as a side effect. D: Weight gain - While some antihypertensive drugs may cause weight gain, impotence is a more commonly known adverse effect in male patients.
Question 5 of 5
A patient is receiving heparin therapy as part of the treatment for a pulmonary embolism. The nurse monitors the results of which laboratory test to check the drug’s effectiveness?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). This test is specifically used to monitor heparin therapy's effectiveness by measuring the blood's clotting time. Heparin works by inhibiting blood clot formation, so monitoring aPTT helps ensure the patient is within the therapeutic range to prevent clot formation. Incorrect choices: A: Bleeding times - This test assesses how long it takes for blood to clot, but it does not specifically monitor heparin therapy's effectiveness. C: Prothrombin time/international normalized ratio (PT/INR) - This test is used to monitor warfarin therapy, not heparin therapy. D: Vitamin K levels - Monitoring vitamin K levels is not relevant to assessing heparin therapy's effectiveness in preventing clot formation.