ATI RN
ATI Hematologic System Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient who is taking warfarin (Coumadin) 5 mg daily has an international normalized ratio (INR) of 2.5. It is time to administer the next dose of Coumadin. What should the nurse do?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Administer the daily Coumadin as ordered. A therapeutic INR range for patients on warfarin is typically between 2-3. A patient with an INR of 2.5 is within this range, indicating that their blood is adequately anticoagulated. Therefore, the next dose of Coumadin should be administered as prescribed to maintain the therapeutic effect. Holding the dose (B) may lead to subtherapeutic anticoagulation, and notifying the physician (A) is not necessary as the INR is within range. Administering vitamin K (C) is indicated for patients with a high INR and signs of bleeding, which is not the case here.
Question 2 of 5
A patient reports severe abdominal cramping and diarrhea. Assessment reveals a temperature of 102°F (38.8°C) and pulse of 82 beats/min. Results of a complete blood count reveal lower than normal segmented and banded neutrophils and higher than normal lymphocytes. Which type of infection does the nurse suspect this patient is most likely experiencing?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Viral. The patient's symptoms (abdominal cramping, diarrhea, fever) are consistent with a viral infection, such as gastroenteritis. The lower segmented and banded neutrophils indicate a viral infection, as viruses often target lymphocytes. The higher lymphocyte count is a characteristic response to viral infections. Other choices are incorrect as fungal, parasitic, and bacterial infections typically present with different symptoms and laboratory findings.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who is being discharged after an emergency splenectomy following an automobile accident. Which instructions should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because after a splenectomy, the patient is at risk for infections due to a compromised immune system. Washing hands and avoiding sick individuals can help prevent infections. A: Watching for excess bruising is not directly related to post-splenectomy care. B: Checking for swollen lymph nodes is not a priority concern for a post-splenectomy patient. C: Taking iron supplements may not be necessary immediately post-splenectomy and should be discussed with the healthcare provider.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is reviewing laboratory results and notes an aPTT level of 28 seconds. The nurse should notify the health care provider in anticipation of adjusting which medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Heparin. An aPTT level of 28 seconds is below the therapeutic range for heparin, indicating a subtherapeutic dose. The nurse should notify the healthcare provider to adjust the heparin dosage to achieve the desired anticoagulant effect. Aspirin (choice A) does not affect aPTT levels. Warfarin (choice C) affects PT/INR, not aPTT. Erythropoietin (choice D) is not related to aPTT levels.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a dark-skinned client for pallor. What action is best?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because assessing the conjunctiva of the eye is the best way to assess pallor in dark-skinned individuals. Pallor is difficult to detect on dark skin due to increased melanin. The conjunctiva is a mucous membrane that can show pallor regardless of skin tone. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because examining the hand, mouth, or palpating for swelling are not reliable methods for assessing pallor in dark-skinned individuals.