ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Made Easy 4.0 The Hematologic System Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient who is severely anemic also has acute heart failure with severe edema due to fluid
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Packed red blood cells (PRBCs) are the most appropriate blood product for a severely anemic patient who needs an increase in hemoglobin and hematocrit levels. PRBC transfusions provide a concentrated dose of red blood cells to improve oxygen-carrying capacity in the blood. This can help address the anemia and improve symptoms related to decreased oxygen delivery to tissues, such as fatigue and weakness. Fresh frozen plasma, albumin, and whole blood do not specifically target the anemia in this scenario and are not the primary choice for raising hemoglobin and hematocrit levels in a patient with severe anemia and acute heart failure.
Question 2 of 5
During an infusion of albumin, the nurse monitors the patient closely for the development of which adverse effect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: When administering an infusion of albumin (a colloid solution), the nurse must closely monitor the patient for signs and symptoms of fluid volume overload. This is because albumin infusion can lead to an excessive accumulation of fluid in the intravascular compartment, potentially causing volume overload. Symptoms of fluid volume overload may include dyspnea, crackles in the lungs, peripheral edema, increased blood pressure, and increased heart rate. Prompt recognition and intervention are essential to prevent complications such as pulmonary edema and heart failure. Monitoring for signs of fluid volume overload enables the nurse to adjust the infusion rate or take other appropriate actions to ensure the patient's safety.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following are common side effects when taking the drug Phenytoin. Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Phenytoin is an antiepileptic drug that can commonly cause drowsiness, ataxia (loss of full control of bodily movements), and dry mouth as side effects. These side effects are important to monitor in patients taking Phenytoin to ensure their safety and well-being. Increased suicidal thoughts are not a common side effect associated with Phenytoin.
Question 4 of 5
What do you assess for in a patient who is on Valproate? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.
Question 5 of 5
What decreases the renin angiotensin aldosterone system?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: ACE inhibitors decrease the renin angiotensin aldosterone system by blocking the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), which converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II. By inhibiting this enzyme, ACE inhibitors reduce the production of angiotensin II, a potent vasoconstrictor, and lower aldosterone secretion. This leads to vasodilation, decreased blood pressure, and reduced retention of sodium and water. Consequently, ACE inhibitors are commonly used in the management of hypertension, heart failure, and chronic kidney disease.