ATI RN
Cardiovascular System Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient who is recovering from a myocardial infarction may benefit from meditation because this technique:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Meditation reduces sympathetic nervous system activity, lowering stress, heart rate, and oxygen demand, aiding MI recovery. B, C, and D increase cardiac workload, countering recovery goals.
Question 2 of 5
The prenatal heart begins to pump blood in the:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The prenatal heart begins to pump blood around the fourth week of embryonic development. This is when the primitive heart tube forms and starts rhythmic contractions, marking the beginning of circulation in the embryo. By the fifth week, the heart becomes more structured, but pumping begins earlier.
Question 3 of 5
An increase in cardiac output is required by all the following, except:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Cardiac output increases during exercise, fever, and digestion due to higher metabolic demand. Stimulation of the vagus nerves (parasympathetic system) slows heart rate via acetylcholine release, reducing cardiac output, making it the exception.
Question 4 of 5
A hormone that is significantly involved in regulation of blood volume is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) regulates blood volume by promoting water reabsorption in the kidneys, increasing plasma volume. ACTH affects cortisol, and LH is reproductive; 'osmoretic hormone' is not a standard term.
Question 5 of 5
The accumulation of soft masses of fatty materials, particularly cholesterol, on the inside of the arterial wall is known as:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Atherosclerosis is the buildup of fatty plaques (e.g., cholesterol) in the arterial tunica intima, a subset of arteriosclerosis (general hardening). Ischemia is reduced blood flow, and phlebitis is vein inflammation.