A patient who is experiencing an acute asthma attack is admitted to the emergency department. Which assessment should the nurse complete first?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Breath sounds provide immediate data on airway status, guiding urgent treatment.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The first nursing action for epistaxis is to apply direct pressure by pinching the nostrils. Application of cold packs may decrease blood flow to the area but will not be sufficient to stop bleeding.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The first action should be to determine whether the patient has been compliant with drug therapy because negative sputum smears would be expected if the TB bacillus is susceptible to the medications and if the medications have been taken correctly. Assessment is the first step in the nursing process.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The patient has symptoms consistent with a pulmonary embolism (PE). Elevating the head of the bed will improve ventilation and gas exchange.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Pursed-lip breathing techniques assist in prolonging the expiratory phase of respiration and decrease air trapping. There is no indication that the patient requires O2 therapy or an improved diet.