ATI RN
Introduction to Nursing Pdf Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient who has heart failure has recently started taking digoxin (Lanoxin) in addition to furosemide (Lasix) and captopril. Which finding by the home health nurse is a priority to communicate to the health care provider?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. A serum potassium level of 3.0 mEq/L after 1 week of therapy is a priority finding to communicate to the healthcare provider because digoxin, furosemide, and captopril can all cause electrolyte imbalances, especially hypokalemia, which can increase the risk of digoxin toxicity leading to life-threatening dysrhythmias. It is crucial to address and monitor potassium levels closely in patients taking these medications. A: Presence of 1+ to 2+ edema in the feet and ankles is a common finding in heart failure patients and may not be an immediate concern unless it worsens. B: Palpable liver edge 2 cm below the ribs may indicate hepatic congestion, which can occur in heart failure, but it is not as urgent as monitoring potassium levels. D: A weight increase of 2 pounds over 3 days can be a sign of fluid retention, which is important to monitor but
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is teaching a patient who will begin receiving targeted therapy for cancer. The patient asks how targeted therapy differs from other types of chemotherapies. The nurse will explain that targeted therapy
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Targeted therapy interferes with specific molecules in cancer cells. This type of therapy is designed to target specific abnormalities or molecules that are unique to cancer cells, which helps to inhibit their growth and spread. By focusing on these specific targets, targeted therapy can be more precise and effective compared to traditional chemotherapies. A: Damaging cancer cell DNA to prevent cell replication is more characteristic of traditional chemotherapy, not targeted therapy. B: Directly killing or damaging cancerous cells is a general mechanism of action for various cancer treatments, not specific to targeted therapy. D: Preventing metastasis of cancer cells is not the primary mechanism of action of targeted therapy, which primarily focuses on inhibiting the growth and spread of cancer cells through specific molecular targeting.
Question 3 of 5
A patient who had a total laryngectomy has previously expressed hopelessness about the loss of control over personal care. Which information obtained by the nurse indicates that this identified problem is resolving?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the patient asking to learn how to clean the tracheostomy stoma shows an active interest in regaining control over personal care. This indicates a shift towards empowerment and increased sense of control. Choice A does not necessarily indicate a resolution of hopelessness as the patient allowing the nurse to suction could be due to compliance rather than empowerment. Choice B may show dependency on the spouse for care. Choice D, using a communication board to request no visitors, does not directly address regaining control over personal care.
Question 4 of 5
After the nurse teaches the patient with stage 1 hypertension about diet modifications, which diet choice indicates that the teaching has been most effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because drinking low-fat milk aligns with dietary recommendations for hypertension by providing calcium, potassium, and vitamin D without excess saturated fat. This choice indicates understanding of the importance of nutrient-rich, low-fat dairy in managing blood pressure. A: Avoiding nuts or nut butters is not necessary for stage 1 hypertension and may limit healthy fats and nutrients. B: Restricting chicken and fish may lead to inadequate protein intake and deprive the patient of essential nutrients unless they are high in sodium. D: Having two cups of coffee in the morning can potentially increase blood pressure due to caffeine content and is not recommended for hypertension.
Question 5 of 5
A patient with bacterial pneumonia has rhonchi and thick sputum. What is the nurse's most appropriate action to promote airway clearance?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Assist the patient to splint the chest when coughing. This action helps the patient generate more force during coughing, aiding in sputum clearance. Pursed lip breathing (choice A) is used for patients with COPD, not for bacterial pneumonia. Fluid restrictions (choice C) are not indicated unless there are specific medical reasons. Nasal oxygen cannula (choice D) does not directly address airway clearance.