ATI RN
PN ATI Capstone Pharmacology 1 Quiz Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient who has had an MI is taking a beta blocker. What is the main benefit of beta blocker therapy for this patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The main benefit of beta blocker therapy for a patient who has had a myocardial infarction (MI) is the slowing of the heart rate. Beta blockers work by blocking the action of adrenaline on beta-adrenergic receptors in the heart, which results in a decrease in heart rate. By slowing the heart rate, beta blockers help reduce the workload of the heart and decrease oxygen demand, which is beneficial in patients post-MI. This can help improve the heart's efficiency, decrease the risk of arrhythmias, and improve outcomes in patients with a history of MI. Vasodilation of the coronary arteries (choice A) is not the main mechanism of action of beta blockers. Increased force of cardiac contraction (choice B) is not a desired effect post-MI as it can increase oxygen demand and potentially worsen the patient's condition. Maintaining adequate blood pressure (choice D) can be a secondary benefit of beta
Question 2 of 5
A patient states he experiences anxiety and has panic attacks at least once a week. What might be helpful for this patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Alprazolam (Xanax) is the most appropriate choice for a patient who experiences anxiety and has panic attacks at least once a week. Alprazolam is a benzodiazepine medication commonly used for the treatment of anxiety and panic disorders. It acts as a central nervous system depressant and enhances the activity of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain, leading to a calming effect. Phenytoin (Dilantin) is an antiepileptic medication, Lithium is primarily used for bipolar disorder, and Spironolactone is a diuretic medication used for conditions like heart failure and hypertension; none of these medications are indicated for anxiety and panic attacks.
Question 3 of 5
If a patient overdoses on Morphine, the nurse would give him as
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Naloxone is an opioid receptor antagonist commonly used in cases of opioid overdose, such as with Morphine. When a patient overdoses on Morphine, they may experience respiratory depression, CNS depression, and sedation. Naloxone works by competitively binding to opioid receptors, displacing the opioid and reversing the effects of the overdose. It helps to quickly restore normal respiratory function and consciousness in patients who have ingested too much Morphine. Atropine, vitamin K, and physostigmine are not indicated for Morphine overdose.
Question 4 of 5
What patient could potentially take the drug Senna?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Senna is a stimulant laxative commonly used for the treatment of constipation. It is usually recommended for patients who have not passed stool in several days. Patients with conditions like eating disorders, hypersensitivity, anal fissures, or a history of hemorrhoids may have specific contraindications to using Senna, so they may not be suitable candidates for this medication.
Question 5 of 5
If a patient overdoses on Morphine, the nurse would give him ___________ as the
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that is commonly used to treat opioid overdoses, including Morphine overdoses. When a patient overdoses on Morphine, they may experience respiratory depression, sedation, and decreased level of consciousness. Naloxone rapidly reverses these effects by competitively binding to opioid receptors in the body, displacing the Morphine and restoring normal respiratory function. In a clinical setting, naloxone is typically administered intravenously, intramuscularly, or subcutaneously by healthcare providers, such as nurses, to quickly counteract the effects of the opioid overdose. It is important to note that while naloxone helps reverse the effects of the opioid overdose, ongoing medical care and monitoring are still essential for the patient's recovery.