ATI RN
foundations of nursing practice questions Questions
Question 1 of 9
A patient who has had a lumpectomy calls the clinic to talk to the nurse. The patient tells the nurse that she has developed a tender area on her breast that is red and warm and looks like someone drew a line with a red marker. What would the nurse suspect is the womans problem?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Mondor disease. This condition presents as a superficial thrombophlebitis of the breast veins, causing a tender, red, warm, cord-like area resembling a red line. This is typically benign and self-limiting. B: Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the breast is unlikely as it typically involves deeper veins in the extremities. C: Recurrent malignancy is less likely as the symptoms described are more indicative of a benign condition like Mondor disease. D: An area of fat necrosis is also less likely as it usually presents as a painless, firm lump rather than a red, warm, tender area.
Question 2 of 9
A hearing-impaired patient is scheduled to have an MRI. What would be important for the nurse to remember when caring for this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct Answer: A Rationale: 1. Hearing-impaired patient is likely unable to hear during an MRI due to loud noises. 2. Nurse needs to use alternative communication methods like writing or gestures. 3. Sign language interpreter may not be necessary for an MRI. 4. Lip reading may be challenging due to the noisy MRI environment. 5. Interaction should be adapted to accommodate the patient's communication needs.
Question 3 of 9
An abortion when the fetus dies but is retained in the uterus is called
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: missed. In a missed abortion, the fetus dies but is not immediately expelled from the uterus. This term specifically describes the situation where the fetus is retained in the uterus. Choice A (inevitable) refers to a situation where abortion is certain to occur, choice C (incomplete) refers to partial expulsion of the fetus, and choice D (threatened) refers to a situation where the woman has vaginal bleeding, but the fetus is still viable. Therefore, the term "missed" accurately describes the scenario where the fetus dies but remains in the uterus.
Question 4 of 9
A nurse is using Campinha-Bacote’s model of cultural competency to improve cultural care. Which actions describe the components the nurse is using?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: In Campinha-Bacote's model, the first component is "cultural awareness," which involves an in-depth self-examination of one's own background. Step 2: This self-examination helps nurses recognize their biases and assumptions, enabling them to provide culturally competent care. Step 3: By understanding their own culture, nurses can better understand and respect the cultural beliefs and practices of their patients. Step 4: This component is crucial for building trust and rapport with patients from diverse backgrounds. Step 5: Choices B, C, and D do not directly align with the cultural awareness component of Campinha-Bacote's model. B focuses on assessment, C on understanding diverse groups, and D on motivation, but they do not address the foundational self-examination required for cultural competency.
Question 5 of 9
A patient with end-stage heart failure has participated in a family meeting with the interdisciplinary team and opted for hospice care. On what belief should the patients care in this setting be based
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Meaningful living during terminal illness is best supported in the home. This is because hospice care focuses on providing compassionate care and support in the comfort of the patient's own home, which can enhance quality of life and dignity. Being in a familiar and comfortable environment allows the patient to receive personalized care and emotional support from family members. Options A, B, and D are incorrect because hospice care emphasizes comfort and quality of life over technologic interventions, designated facilities, and prolonging physiologic dying. Ultimately, the goal of hospice care is to prioritize the patient's emotional and physical well-being during the end stages of life.
Question 6 of 9
A man tells the nurse that his father died of prostate cancer and he is concerned about his own risk of developing the disease, having heard that prostate cancer has a genetic link. What aspect of the pathophysiology of prostate cancer would underlie the nurses response?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because several studies have indeed shown an association between BRCA-2 mutation and an increased risk of prostate cancer. BRCA-2 mutation is known to be linked to an increased risk of various cancers, including prostate cancer. This genetic mutation can be inherited and passed down through generations, leading to a higher likelihood of developing prostate cancer. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because: B: HNPCC (Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer) is not specifically associated with prostate cancer, and it is not an autosomal dominant mutation causing prostate cancer in men. C: TP53 gene is associated with other types of cancers, such as breast cancer, but not strongly linked to prostate cancer. D: Research has shown that genetics do play a role in the development of prostate cancer, contradicting the statement that genetics are unrelated to the disease.
Question 7 of 9
A patient is 24 hours postoperative following prostatectomy and the urologist has ordered continuous bladder irrigation. What color of output should the nurse expect to find in the drainage bag?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Red wine colored. Following a prostatectomy, continuous bladder irrigation is commonly used to prevent blood clots and ensure urine drainage. The output is expected to be red wine colored, indicating the presence of blood in the urine due to surgical trauma. Tea-colored (choice B) or amber (choice C) are not specific enough and do not accurately reflect the expected bloody output. Light pink (choice D) may suggest a lower level of bleeding compared to red wine color, but it is not the most accurate description for post-prostatectomy drainage.
Question 8 of 9
The nurse is providing preoperative education for a patient diagnosed with endometriosis. A hysterectomy has been scheduled. What education topic should the nurse be sure to include for this patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it addresses a crucial aspect of preoperative care for a patient undergoing a hysterectomy due to endometriosis. Emptying the bladder before surgery helps prevent urinary retention postoperatively. Placing a catheter during surgery ensures proper drainage and prevents bladder distention. This education topic is essential for the patient's comfort and well-being during and after the procedure. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect: A: Menstrual periods will not continue after a hysterectomy as the uterus is removed. B: Normal activity is usually restricted after a hysterectomy to promote healing. C: Hormone levels are affected after a hysterectomy, especially if the ovaries are also removed.
Question 9 of 9
A family member of a patient diagnosed with Huntington disease calls you at the clinic. She is requesting help from the Huntingtons Disease Society of America. What kind of help can this patient and family receive from this organization? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Information about this disease. The Huntington's Disease Society of America provides valuable resources such as educational materials, support groups, and updates on research. This information can help patients and families understand the disease better and navigate available treatment options. Referrals, public education, individual assessments, and appraisals of research studies are not typically services provided directly by the organization, making them incorrect choices in this context.