A patient who has gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is experiencing increasing discomfort. Which patient statement to the nurse indicates that additional teaching about GERD is needed?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because having a bedtime snack can worsen GERD symptoms by increasing stomach acid production. Eating close to bedtime can also lead to reflux when lying down. A patient with GERD should avoid eating 2-3 hours before bedtime. Choices A, C, and D demonstrate good practices for managing GERD by avoiding triggers like smoking, taking antacids as prescribed, and elevating the head of the bed to prevent reflux.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: glycogen. The liver stores glycogen as a form of energy storage. Glycogen is a polysaccharide made up of glucose molecules. When the body needs energy, glycogen is broken down into glucose to be used as fuel. Nucleic acids (A) are not stored for energy; they are essential for genetic material. Glucose (C) is utilized for immediate energy needs and not stored in large quantities. Vitamins (D) are essential nutrients but are not stored in significant amounts for energy purposes.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: lipase. Lipase is an enzyme that breaks down lipids (fats), while the other enzymes listed (sucrase, maltase, lactase) are all involved in carbohydrate digestion. Lipase acts on a different substrate compared to the others, making it the odd one out in this group. Sucrase breaks down sucrose, maltase breaks down maltose, and lactase breaks down lactose. Therefore, A does not belong with the others as it does not share the same function of breaking down carbohydrates like the rest of the enzymes listed.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cholecystokinin and secretin. Cholecystokinin stimulates the release of pancreatic enzymes, while secretin stimulates the production of bicarbonate-rich pancreatic juice. Insulin and glucagon regulate blood sugar levels, not pancreatic juice. Gastrin primarily stimulates the release of gastric acid, not pancreatic juice. Angiotensin and epinephrine are involved in regulating blood pressure and the fight-or-flight response, not pancreatic juice secretion.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because enteric-coated medications should not be taken by clients with ileostomies as they may not be fully absorbed. A: Correct, emptying pouch at 1/3 full is recommended. C: Correct, changing pouch weekly is important to prevent skin irritation. D: Correct, caution with high fiber foods to prevent blockages.