A patient who has a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) was hospitalized for increasing shortness of breath and chronic hypoxemia (SaO2 levels of 89% to 90%). In planning for discharge, which action by the nurse will be most effective in improving compliance with discharge teaching?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Arrange for the patient's caregiver to be present during the teaching. Involving the caregiver in the teaching process increases the likelihood of proper understanding and adherence to the discharge instructions. The caregiver can provide additional support and reinforcement for the patient's education, especially in managing COPD symptoms at home. This collaborative approach promotes a more supportive environment for the patient post-discharge. Choice A (Having the patient repeat instructions immediately after teaching) may not be as effective because the patient's understanding and retention of the information may still be limited. Choice B (Patient teaching just before discharge) may not allow enough time for the patient and caregiver to fully grasp and retain the information. Choice D is a duplicate of choice B and does not offer any additional benefit.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Administer IV fluids. Severe pain post total knee replacement may indicate hypovolemia due to blood loss during surgery. Administering IV fluids will help restore circulating volume and improve perfusion to the surgical site. Analgesics can address pain but addressing the underlying cause is more important. Early ambulation and dressing change can be important but are not the priority in this scenario.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Administer IV fluids. In a patient with stroke symptoms like slurred speech and facial drooping, maintaining adequate hydration is crucial to prevent complications. IV fluids help ensure proper blood flow to the brain, which is essential in stroke management. Administering a corticosteroid (choice A) is not the priority in this acute situation. Pain medications (choice B) may not address the underlying issue of stroke and should not be the primary intervention. IV pain management (choice D) is not necessary unless pain is a significant symptom, which is not the case in this scenario. Administering IV fluids is the most appropriate intervention to support the patient's overall condition and neurological function.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer antiemetics. This is the priority intervention because nausea and vomiting can lead to complications such as dehydration and electrolyte imbalances postoperatively. Administering antiemetics helps to alleviate the symptoms and prevent further issues. Increasing fluid intake (B) is important but not the priority when the patient is actively experiencing nausea and vomiting. Monitoring respiratory status (C) and encouraging deep breathing (D) are important for overall postoperative care but do not directly address the immediate issue of nausea and vomiting.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Administer an antiemetic. This is the priority intervention because antiemetics help control nausea and vomiting, which are common side effects of chemotherapy. By addressing the symptoms promptly, the patient's comfort and quality of life can be improved. Administering IV fluids (choice B) may be necessary to prevent dehydration, but addressing the nausea and vomiting is the priority. Administering antibiotics (choice C) is not indicated unless there is a specific infection that requires treatment. Administering antiemetic medications (choice A) is redundant since the patient is already experiencing nausea and vomiting and needs immediate relief.