ATI RN
foundations of nursing practice questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient who had premature rupture of the membranes (PROM) earlier in the pregnancy at 28 weeks returns to the labor unit 1 week later complaining that she is now in labor. The labor and birth nurse performs the NfollRowiIng aGssesBsm.eCntsM. The vaginal exam is deferred until the U S N T O physician is in attendance. The patient is placed on electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) and a baseline FHR of 130 bpm is noted. No contraction pattern is observed. The patient is then transferred to the antepartum unit for continued observation. Several hours later, the patient complains that she does not feel the baby move. Examination of the abdomen reveals a fundal height of 34 cm. Muscle tone is no different from earlier in the hospital admission. The patient is placed on the EFM and no fetal heart tones are observed. What does the nurse suspect is occurring?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hidden placental abruption. In this scenario, the patient had PROM and is now presenting with decreased fetal movement and absence of fetal heart tones after a fundal height increase. These signs suggest a hidden placental abruption, where the placenta has partially detached, leading to fetal distress and potential fetal demise. The absence of contractions rules out active labor (B) as the cause. Placental previa (A) would typically present with painless vaginal bleeding, which is not described in the scenario. Placental abruption (C) usually presents with painful vaginal bleeding, which is also not mentioned. Therefore, the most likely explanation for the symptoms described is a hidden placental abruption.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is providing preoperative education for a patient diagnosed with endometriosis. A hysterectomy has been scheduled. What education topic should the nurse be sure to include for this patient?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it addresses a crucial aspect of preoperative care for a patient undergoing a hysterectomy due to endometriosis. Emptying the bladder before surgery helps prevent urinary retention postoperatively. Placing a catheter during surgery ensures proper drainage and prevents bladder distention. This education topic is essential for the patient's comfort and well-being during and after the procedure. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect: A: Menstrual periods will not continue after a hysterectomy as the uterus is removed. B: Normal activity is usually restricted after a hysterectomy to promote healing. C: Hormone levels are affected after a hysterectomy, especially if the ovaries are also removed.
Question 3 of 5
An older adult has encouraged her husband to visit their primary care provider, stating that she is concerned that he may have Parkinsons disease. Which of the wifes descriptions of her husbands health and function is most suggestive of Parkinsons disease?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because one of the hallmark symptoms of Parkinson's disease is bradykinesia, which is characterized by slowness of movement. This symptom commonly presents as a person moving far more slowly than usual. Option B is more indicative of arthritis or another musculoskeletal condition. Option C suggests possible cognitive decline or dementia, not specific to Parkinson's disease. Option D could indicate a different medical condition causing weight loss despite a good appetite. Therefore, A is the most suggestive of Parkinson's disease based on the symptom of bradykinesia.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse asks a patient where the pain is, andthe patient responds by pointing to the area of pain. Which form of communication did the patient use?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Nonverbal. The patient used nonverbal communication by pointing to the area of pain, which is a form of expressing information without words. This choice is correct because pointing is a nonverbal gesture that conveys a specific message. Verbal communication (A) involves spoken or written words, which were not used in this scenario. Intonation (C) refers to the rise and fall of the voice in speech, which was not demonstrated by the patient. Vocabulary (D) is the range of words known or used by a person, but the patient did not use words to communicate in this situation. In summary, the patient used nonverbal communication through pointing, making choice B the correct answer.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is assessing a patient for nutritional status. Which action will the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, combining multiple objective measures with subjective measures. This approach provides a comprehensive assessment of the patient's nutritional status by incorporating both quantitative data (objective measures) such as weight, BMI, and laboratory values, as well as qualitative information (subjective measures) like dietary history and appetite changes. By combining these measures, the nurse can obtain a more holistic view of the patient's nutritional status, allowing for better identification of nutritional deficiencies or excesses. This method enhances the accuracy and reliability of the assessment compared to relying solely on one type of measure. Choice A is incorrect because nutritional assessment is crucial even in the presence of chronic disease to address potential malnutrition risks. Choice B is incorrect as the Mini Nutritional Assessment is not intended for pediatric patients but for adults. Choice C is incorrect as using a single tool may not capture the full complexity of the patient's nutritional status.
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