A patient was rushed to the ER because of difficulty in urination. He was diagnosed then as a cse of benign prostate hyperthropy (BPH) and was advised by the doctor to undego transurethral resection of prostate (TURP). Based on the urgency of the surgery, the nurse classifies this condition as:

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) is a surgical procedure commonly performed to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) that is causing significant symptoms such as difficulty urinating. In this case, the patient was rushed to the ER due to the difficulty in urination, which indicates that the condition is causing acute distress and requires prompt intervention. Since the surgery was advised urgently by the doctor, the nurse classifies this condition as urgent. An urgent procedure is one that is necessary within a relatively short time frame to prevent complications or alleviate acute distress, but it is not an emergency that requires immediate intervention.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition that affects people of all ages, but the prevalence increases with age. As people get older, their risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus also increases. Research has shown that nearly two-thirds of individuals with diabetes are over the age of 60. Age is a significant risk factor for developing diabetes, especially type 2 diabetes, which is more common in older individuals. Therefore, the statement "Nearly two-thirds of clients with diabetes mellitus are over the age of 60" is true.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The highest priority nursing diagnosis in this scenario is Deficient fluid volume related to osmotic diuresis. The client's serum glucose level of 618mg/dl indicates severe hyperglycemia, which is likely causing osmotic diuresis leading to fluid volume deficit. The client's hot, dry skin, along with a heart rate of 116 beats/min, and blood pressure of 108/70mmHg are symptoms of dehydration due to fluid loss. If left untreated, deficient fluid volume can lead to serious complications such as hypovolemic shock. Therefore, addressing the fluid volume deficit is essential to stabilize the client's condition before other nursing diagnoses are addressed.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The characteristic movement of Parkinson's disease is the pronation-supination of the hand and forearm, also known as the "pill-rolling" tremor. This movement interferes with normal hand activities and is a common early sign of Parkinson's disease. Exaggerated muscle flaccidity leading to frequent falls and hyperextension of the back and neck are not typically associated with Parkinson's disease.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The most likely cause of her chief complaint this morning is a frequent complication of the hypophysectomy. A hypophysectomy is the surgical removal of the pituitary gland. One common complication following a hypophysectomy is diabetes insipidus, characterized by polyuria (excessive urination) and polydipsia (excessive thirst). This occurs because the removal of the pituitary gland can disrupt the regulation of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which plays a key role in maintaining water balance in the body. Therefore, it is the most likely cause of the patient's chief complaint of polyuria this morning.