A patient wants to take garlic tablets to improve his cholesterol levels. Which condition would be a contraindication?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Taking garlic tablets can potentially increase the risk of bleeding during surgery due to its blood-thinning properties. This can interfere with the body's ability to clot blood properly during and after surgery, leading to excessive bleeding and complications. Therefore, scheduled surgery is a contraindication for taking garlic tablets. It is essential to inform healthcare providers about any supplements being taken before undergoing surgery to ensure safety and prevent adverse effects.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: When taking Nitroglycerine (transdermal), it is recommended to have a nitrate-free interval of at least 10-12 hours to prevent tolerance from developing. Tolerance can occur if the medication is continuously delivered without a break, leading to reduced effectiveness. Therefore, having a nitrate-free interval of 3-4 hours each day helps to maintain the efficacy of Nitroglycerine therapy and prevent tolerance.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Apheresis is the process of collecting specific blood components, such as platelets, using a specialized machine. This method allows the donor to donate only the needed component while returning the rest of the blood components back to the donor. In this case, when Jonas is donating platelets only, it is known as an apheresis donation. This process is different from the traditional whole blood donation method where all blood components are collected and separated later in a lab.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In pharmacology, when administering Phenytoin, monitoring is crucial to ensure patient safety and effectiveness of treatment. The correct answer, "D) all of the above," is the most appropriate choice because monitoring all aspects listed - behavior, therapeutic blood levels, and for Steven Johnson syndrome - is essential in the care of a patient receiving Phenytoin. Monitoring behavior is important because Phenytoin can impact mood and cognition, so any changes in behavior could indicate a need for dosage adjustment or further evaluation. Monitoring therapeutic blood levels is critical as Phenytoin has a narrow therapeutic range, and levels outside this range can lead to toxicity or lack of efficacy. Monitoring for Steven Johnson syndrome is necessary as it is a severe, though rare, adverse reaction associated with Phenytoin that requires immediate intervention. Options A, B, and C are incorrect on their own because they each address only one aspect of monitoring Phenytoin administration. Focusing solely on behavior, blood levels, or Steven Johnson syndrome would be insufficient and could lead to missed opportunities for intervention or adverse outcomes. In an educational context, understanding the comprehensive monitoring requirements for medications like Phenytoin is vital for nursing students and practicing nurses. It emphasizes the importance of holistic patient care, pharmacological knowledge, and vigilance in recognizing and responding to potential complications. By mastering this concept, nurses can ensure safe medication administration and promote positive patient outcomes in clinical practice.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Amlodipine is a medication that is taken orally, usually in the form of tablets. The abbreviation "PO" stands for per os, which means by mouth or orally. Amlodipine is widely prescribed to treat high blood pressure and certain types of chest pain. It works by relaxing the blood vessels, making it easier for the heart to pump blood. Taking amlodipine orally allows it to be absorbed through the digestive system and enter the bloodstream to exert its therapeutic effects.