ATI RN
Nursing Process 1 Test Questions Questions
Question 1 of 9
A patient understands the common causes of urinary tract infection if he or she states the following, EXCEPT:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: Choice C is the correct answer because drinking lots of water at night actually helps prevent UTIs by flushing out bacteria from the urinary tract. Holding the urge to urinate (Choice A) can increase the risk of UTIs as bacteria can multiply in stagnant urine. Insertion of instruments and catheters (Choice B) can introduce bacteria, leading to infection. Unhygienic cleaning after defecation (Choice D) can also introduce bacteria to the urinary tract, causing UTIs. Therefore, Choice C is the exception as it does not contribute to the common causes of UTIs.
Question 2 of 9
A Jewish client has been diagnosed with ulcerative colitis. A nursing diagnosis appropriate for a client who has ulcerative colitis is:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: abdominal pain related to decreased peristalsis. Ulcerative colitis causes inflammation and ulcers in the colon, leading to abdominal pain due to decreased peristalsis. This impairs the movement of stool through the colon, resulting in pain. Choice B is incorrect as diarrhea is a common symptom of ulcerative colitis, not hyperosmolar intestinal contents. Choice C is incorrect as ulcerative colitis often leads to diarrhea and not fluid volume excess. Choice D is incorrect as activity intolerance is not directly related to ulcerative colitis, whereas abdominal pain is a common symptom associated with the condition.
Question 3 of 9
As the surgical incision is closed, who are the personnel in-charge in counting the needles, sponges, and instruments?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C - the circulating and scrub nurse first assistant. The circulating nurse is responsible for counting needles, sponges, and instruments during the closing of the surgical incision to ensure nothing is left inside the patient. The scrub nurse first assistant also plays a crucial role in this process by assisting in the counting and keeping track of the items used during the procedure. The other choices are incorrect because the surgeon and anesthesiologist (A) are not typically involved in counting items during the surgical closure, the surgeon and the registered (B) may not have the necessary training for accurate counting, and the anesthesiologist and anesthetist (D) are not directly involved in the surgical closing process.
Question 4 of 9
Blood cells are formed in the:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bone marrow. Blood cells are primarily formed in the bone marrow through a process called hematopoiesis. The bone marrow contains stem cells that differentiate into various types of blood cells, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. Arterioles are small blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart, not involved in blood cell formation. Lymphoid tissue plays a role in immune function but not in blood cell production. Muscle tissue is primarily responsible for movement and does not have a role in blood cell formation. Therefore, the bone marrow is the correct answer as it is the main site of blood cell production in the body.
Question 5 of 9
The nurse is teaching a client with type 1 diabetes mellitus how to treat adverse reactions to insulin. To reverse a hypoglycemic reaction, the client ideally should ingest an oral carbohydrate. However, this treatment isn’t always a possible or safe. Therefore, the nurse should advise the client to keep which alternate treatment on hand?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Glucagon. In a hypoglycemic reaction, glucagon can be administered to raise blood sugar levels quickly. Glucagon works by stimulating the liver to release stored glucose into the bloodstream. This is crucial in emergencies when oral carbohydrates are not feasible. Epinephrine (A) is used for severe allergic reactions, not hypoglycemia. 50% dextrose (B) is an oral carbohydrate used for hypoglycemia but is not always practical. Hydrocortisone (D) is a corticosteroid used for inflammatory conditions, not for hypoglycemic emergencies.
Question 6 of 9
During a routine check-up, the nurse evaluates a client with rheumatoid arthritis. To assess for the most obvious disease manifestations first, the nurse checks for:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Joint abnormalities. In rheumatoid arthritis, joint abnormalities such as swelling, warmth, and tenderness are the hallmark manifestations. Assessing joint abnormalities first is crucial as they are the primary clinical signs of the disease. Muscle weakness (A) is a common symptom but typically occurs later due to joint inflammation and disuse. Painful subcutaneous nodules (B) are present in some cases but are not as common or prominent as joint abnormalities. Gait disturbances (D) may occur as a result of joint damage, but they are secondary to the primary manifestation of joint abnormalities. By prioritizing the assessment of joint abnormalities, the nurse can promptly identify and address the most prevalent disease manifestations in rheumatoid arthritis.
Question 7 of 9
A patient presents to the emergency department following a motor vehicle crash and suffers a right femur fracture. The leg is stabilized in a full leg cast. Otherwise, the patient has no other major injuries, is in good health, and reports only moderate discomfort. Which is the most pertinent nursing diagnosis the nurse will include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Acute pain. The patient's right femur fracture would likely cause significant pain. Treating the pain is a priority to ensure the patient's comfort and promote healing. Posttrauma syndrome (A) is more applicable for patients experiencing emotional distress following a traumatic event. Constipation (B) may be a concern due to immobility but is not as immediate as managing pain. Anxiety (D) may be present but addressing the acute pain would likely alleviate some anxiety as well.
Question 8 of 9
Nursing intervention during the lumbar puncture procedure includes:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Step 1: Monitoring Mrs. GC's color, pulse, and respiration is important to assess for any signs of distress during the procedure. Step 2: Labeling all laboratory specimens in numerical order ensures accurate identification and prevents errors in specimen handling. Step 3: Positioning Mrs. GC on her side with knees drawn up to her chest helps maintain proper spinal alignment and reduces the risk of complications. Summary: Option D is correct because all the interventions mentioned are crucial for ensuring patient safety and procedural success. Options A, B, and C are incorrect individually as they each address only one aspect of the procedure, whereas the correct answer encompasses all necessary interventions.
Question 9 of 9
Cancer is the second major cause of death in this country. What is the first step toward effective cancer control?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because changing habits and customs that predispose the individual to cancer is crucial in preventing cancer. This includes lifestyle changes such as quitting smoking, maintaining a healthy diet, exercising regularly, and avoiding excessive sun exposure. By modifying behaviors that increase cancer risk, individuals can significantly reduce their chances of developing cancer. A: Increasing governmental control of potential carcinogens is not the first step towards effective cancer control as individual behaviors have a more direct impact on cancer risk. C: Conducting more mass screening programs is important but not the first step as prevention through lifestyle changes takes priority. D: Educating the public and professionals about cancer is essential but changing habits is the initial crucial step in effective cancer control.