ATI RN
Classes of Psychotropic Medications Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient tells the nurse that she is having a hard time bringing her hand to her mouth when she eats or tries to brush her teeth. The nurse knows that for her to move her hand to her mouth, she must perform which movement?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: The correct answer is A: Flexion. To bring the hand to the mouth involves bending at the elbow joint, which is a movement of flexion. Flexion decreases the angle between two body parts. The other choices are incorrect because: B: Abduction is movement away from the midline of the body. C: Adduction is movement towards the midline of the body. D: Extension is the opposite of flexion, where the angle between two body parts increases.
Question 2 of 5
A patient states, 'I can hear a crunching or grating sound when I kneel.' She also states that 'it is very difficult to get out of bed in the morning because of stiffness and pain in my joints.' The nurse should assess for signs of what problem?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Crepitation. Crepitation refers to the crunching or grating sound heard in the joints, which is often associated with conditions like osteoarthritis. The patient's symptoms of difficulty in getting out of bed due to stiffness and pain in the joints are classic signs of osteoarthritis. Assessing for crepitation can help confirm the diagnosis. Summary: B: Bone spur - While bone spurs can cause joint pain and stiffness, they do not typically produce a crunching or grating sound. C: Loose tendon - While a loose tendon can cause joint instability and pain, it does not typically produce the described sound. D: Fluid in the knee joint - While fluid in the knee joint can cause swelling and pain, it does not typically produce a crunching or grating sound.
Question 3 of 5
During a neonatal examination, the nurse notices that the newborn infant has six toes. This finding is documented as:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Polydactyly. Polydactyly refers to the presence of extra digits, such as having six toes. Unidactyly (A) is the absence of one digit, syndactyly (B) is the fusion of digits, and multidactyly (D) is not a recognized term in relation to digit anomalies. Therefore, based on the description of having six toes, polydactyly is the appropriate term to document this finding during the neonatal examination.
Question 4 of 5
A 14-year-old boy who has been diagnosed with Osgood-Schlatter disease reports painful swelling just below the knee for the past 5 months. Which response by the nurse is appropriate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Osgood-Schlatter disease is caused by repeated stress on the patellar tendon during periods of rapid growth. It is usually self-limited and resolves with rest. Here is a step-by-step rationale for why this answer is correct: 1. Osgood-Schlatter disease is commonly seen in adolescents during growth spurts. 2. The pain and swelling just below the knee in this 14-year-old boy are typical symptoms of Osgood-Schlatter disease. 3. Rest is the mainstay of treatment for Osgood-Schlatter disease as it allows the inflamed area to heal. 4. The symptoms should improve once the growth spurt is over and the stress on the patellar tendon decreases. 5. Surgery is rarely needed for Osgood-Schlatter disease unless conservative measures fail. In summary, choice C is correct because it addresses the self-limiting nature of Osgood-Schlatter disease and emphasizes the importance of rest
Question 5 of 5
When performing a musculoskeletal assessment, the nurse knows that the correct approach for the examination should be:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct approach for a musculoskeletal assessment is to examine from proximal to distal. This means starting closer to the body's center and moving towards the extremities. This approach helps to assess for overall strength, range of motion, and joint stability before focusing on specific areas. By starting proximally, the nurse can establish a baseline assessment and then progress methodically to evaluate each joint and muscle group. This systematic approach ensures a comprehensive evaluation of the musculoskeletal system. Summary of Other Choices: B: Distal to proximal - This approach may miss important information about overall strength and stability. C: Posterior to anterior - This sequence is not ideal for a musculoskeletal assessment as it doesn't follow the natural flow of muscle and joint movements. D: Anterior to posterior - This order may not provide a holistic view of the musculoskeletal system and may lead to missing relevant findings.