ATI RN
Cardiovascular Drugs Pharmacology PDF Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient tells a nurse that her daughter is pregnant with her first grandchild and that her son-in-law has a sibling with cystic fibrosis. The patient asks the nurse if there is a chance the baby might have this disease. Which response is best?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: “You probably should speak to a genetic counselor.” This is the best response because cystic fibrosis is an inherited disorder caused by mutations in the CFTR gene. Genetic counselors are trained to assess the risk of genetic conditions based on family history and provide guidance on testing and options. Choice A is incorrect because cystic fibrosis is indeed an inherited disorder. Choice C is incorrect because gene testing for cystic fibrosis is available. Choice D is incorrect because while there are new treatments for cystic fibrosis, they may not be readily available to everyone, and the focus should be on genetic counseling in this situation.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is creating a plan of care for a patient with a new diagnosis of hypertension. Which is a potential nursing diagnosis for the patient taking antihypertensive medications?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sexual dysfunction. Antihypertensive medications can cause sexual dysfunction as a side effect due to their impact on blood flow and hormone levels. The nurse should consider this potential nursing diagnosis when creating a plan of care. Diarrhea (A) is not typically associated with antihypertensive medications. Urge urinary incontinence (C) is more commonly linked to conditions like overactive bladder. Impaired memory (D) is not a common side effect of antihypertensive medications.
Question 3 of 5
A patient is being discharged on anticoagulant therapy. The nurse will include in the patient-education conversation that it is important to avoid herbal products that contain which substance?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: Ginkgo is known to have anticoagulant properties. Step 2: Anticoagulant medications also thin the blood. Step 3: Combining ginkgo with anticoagulants can increase the risk of bleeding. Step 4: Therefore, it is crucial to avoid ginkgo-containing herbal products to prevent potential bleeding complications. Summary: A: Valerian does not have anticoagulant properties. C: Soy does not typically interfere with anticoagulant therapy. D: Saw palmetto is not known to increase bleeding risk with anticoagulants.
Question 4 of 5
When monitoring patients on antitubercular drug therapy, the nurse knows that which drug may cause a decrease in visual acuity?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: ethambutol (Myambutol). Ethambutol is known to cause optic neuritis, leading to a decrease in visual acuity. This adverse effect is dose-dependent and more likely to occur with prolonged use. Rifampin (A), isoniazid (B), and streptomycin (D) do not typically cause visual disturbances. Rifampin may cause a harmless orange discoloration of bodily fluids. Isoniazid is known for hepatotoxicity and peripheral neuropathy. Streptomycin can lead to ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Therefore, ethambutol is the correct choice due to its association with visual acuity changes.
Question 5 of 5
Conjugation is:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Conjugation is the coupling of a drug with an endogenous substrate to facilitate its elimination from the body. This process involves the addition of specific molecules (such as glucuronic acid, sulfate, or amino acids) to the drug molecule, making it more water-soluble for easier excretion. Choice A is incorrect because conjugation does not involve drug reduction. Choice B is incorrect as conjugation does not involve drug oxidation. Choice D is incorrect as conjugation is not about solubilization in lipids but rather in water-soluble forms for excretion.