ATI RN
Cardiovascular System Drugs Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient tells a nurse, “My doctor says my problem may be with the neurotransmitters in my brain. What are neurotransmitters?” The best reply would be:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it provides a clear and concise definition of neurotransmitters as chemical messengers in the brain responsible for brain communication. This response directly addresses the patient's question and educates them on the role of neurotransmitters. Answer A is incorrect as it delays providing the necessary information about neurotransmitters to the patient. Answer B is incorrect as it assumes the patient is concerned about having a serious mental disorder, which may not be the case. Answer C is incorrect as it oversimplifies the treatment of neurotransmitter problems and may give the patient false expectations.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is being treated for ethanol alcohol abuse in a rehabilitation center. The nurse will include which information when teaching him about disulfiram (Antabuse) therapy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. When teaching a patient about disulfiram therapy, it is important to inform them about the common over-the-counter substances that contain alcohol, as consuming these can lead to a disulfiram-alcohol reaction. This reaction includes symptoms such as flushing, nausea, vomiting, and palpitations, which can be severe and potentially life-threatening. Therefore, the patient must avoid all sources of alcohol, including certain medications, mouthwashes, and even some foods. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because smoking cigarettes, experiencing similar effects as alcohol without euphoria, and assuming small amounts of alcohol are safe can all lead to serious consequences while on disulfiram therapy.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is preparing to administer dipyridamole (Persantine). Which statement about this drug is true?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Dipyridamole is used in combination with warfarin to prevent postoperative thromboembolic complications. This is because dipyridamole enhances the effects of warfarin, resulting in improved prevention of blood clots. Choice A is incorrect because dipyridamole does not have antiinflammatory or antipyretic properties. Choice B is incorrect because dipyridamole does not have analgesic properties and its main effect is antithrombotic. Choice C is incorrect because dipyridamole is not specifically indicated for reducing the risk of fatal and nonfatal thrombotic stroke.
Question 4 of 5
When educating a patient recently placed on inhaled corticosteroids, the nurse will discuss which potential adverse effects?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because inhaled corticosteroids can lead to oral candidiasis (thrush) due to local immunosuppression and dry mouth. This is because corticosteroids can disrupt the oral mucosa's normal flora and reduce salivary flow. Fatigue and depression (A), anxiety and palpitations (B), and headache and rapid heart rate (C) are not typically associated with inhaled corticosteroid use.
Question 5 of 5
A small amount of the volume of distribution is common for lipophylic substances easy penetrating through barriers and widely distributing in plasma, interstitial and cell fluids:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rationale: B is correct because lipophilic substances have high affinity for fats and are able to penetrate barriers easily. However, a small volume of distribution indicates that these substances are mainly confined to the plasma and do not distribute widely into interstitial and cell fluids. Summary: A is incorrect because a small volume of distribution indicates limited distribution, not widespread distribution as stated. C is incorrect as there is a correct answer. D is incorrect as not all choices are correct, only B is accurate based on the characteristics of lipophilic substances.