A patient taking fluphenazine (Prolixin) complains of dry mouth and blurred vision. What would the nurse assess as the likely cause of these symptoms?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Cholinergic blockade. Fluphenazine is a typical antipsychotic that exerts its effects by blocking dopamine receptors. This blockade can lead to cholinergic side effects such as dry mouth and blurred vision, as dopamine normally inhibits the release of acetylcholine. Therefore, the dry mouth and blurred vision are likely due to the cholinergic blockade caused by the medication. Incorrect choices: A: Decreased dopamine at receptor sites - While fluphenazine blocks dopamine receptors, it does not directly decrease dopamine levels at receptor sites. B: Blockade of histamine - Fluphenazine does not primarily block histamine receptors, so this choice is incorrect. D: Adrenergic blocking - Fluphenazine does not block adrenergic receptors, so this choice is incorrect.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the statement "A drug-free world: We can do it!" is an unrealistic and overly ambitious goal. In reality, the production and sale of heroin worldwide did not decrease significantly; instead, it doubled in the 10 years following the slogan. This outcome highlights the complexity and challenges of tackling drug issues globally. A is incorrect because tough anti-drug trafficking measures alone cannot cut global heroin production and sale in half significantly. C is incorrect because a conglomerate of dissenting nations campaigning for the repeal of the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs is not directly related to the UNODC slogan outcome. D is incorrect because the conversion of illegal opium farms to legal ones does not address the overall increase in global heroin production and sale.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS). NMS is a serious side effect of antipsychotic medications characterized by muscle rigidity, high fever, unstable vital signs, confusion, and agitation. This is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention. Rationale: 1. Muscle rigidity, high fever, and unstable vital signs are hallmark symptoms of NMS. 2. Confusion and agitation are also common in individuals experiencing NMS. 3. NMS is a medical emergency that can lead to serious complications if not treated promptly. 4. The other choices, A: Drug-induced parkinsonism, C: Tardive dyskinesia, and D: Dystonia, do not present with the same constellation of symptoms as NMS and are unrelated to the life-threatening nature of NMS.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because gene therapy is indeed still an experimental field, especially in the context of treating mental health disorders like schizophrenia. This is due to the complex nature of mental health conditions and the need for more research to fully understand how gene therapy can effectively target and treat such disorders. Choice A is incorrect because the popularity of gene therapy for schizophrenia is not dependent on geographical location. Choice B is incorrect as the high cost is not the primary reason why gene therapy is not widely used for schizophrenia. Choice D is incorrect as it acknowledges the promise of gene therapy for schizophrenia but highlights the lack of sufficient large-scale studies, which further supports the notion that gene therapy is not yet a standard treatment for the condition.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Risk for falls related to decreased sensorium. The rationale is as follows: 1. Cyclobenzaprine can cause drowsiness, dizziness, and blurred vision, leading to decreased sensorium. 2. The patient is undergoing physical therapy, which may further increase the risk of falls due to potential muscle weakness or fatigue. 3. The combination of medication, therapy, and recent accident increases the risk of falls. 4. Nursing diagnosis should focus on preventing harm, making "Risk for falls related to decreased sensorium" the most appropriate choice. Summary: B: Risk for addiction is not relevant as the patient is using the medication as prescribed for acute pain. C: Decreased fluid volume is not a common side effect of cyclobenzaprine. D: Disturbed sleep pattern is a potential side effect, but the risk of falls due to decreased sensorium is a higher priority in this case.