ATI RN
Psychobiologic Disorders Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient says, It takes me about 15 minutes to go to sleep each night. This comment describes
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: sleep latency. Sleep latency refers to the time it takes for an individual to fall asleep after lying down in bed. In this case, the patient mentioning that it takes about 15 minutes to go to sleep each night indicates a delay in the onset of sleep, which aligns with the concept of sleep latency. Delta sleep (A) refers to slow-wave deep sleep stages, parasomnia (B) involves abnormal behaviors during sleep, and REM sleep (D) is the stage of sleep characterized by rapid eye movements and vivid dreams, none of which are directly related to the time taken to fall asleep.
Question 2 of 5
A home care nurse assesses a very demanding patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Afterward, the nurse talks with the spouse who has provided this patient's care for 6 years. The spouse says, I don't need much sleep anymore. I might need to help him during the night. Select the nurse's most therapeutic response.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it addresses the spouse's potential health concerns and shows genuine concern. By acknowledging the spouse's behavior and expressing worry, the nurse opens up a dialogue about the spouse's well-being. This response focuses on the caregiver's health, which is essential in preventing caregiver burnout. Choice A is incorrect because it only praises the spouse's devotion without addressing the potential negative impact on their health. Choice C is incorrect because it minimizes the spouse's sacrifice and may come off as dismissive. Choice D is incorrect as it uses a threatening tone and does not show empathy towards the spouse's situation.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse who works night shift says, I am exhausted most of the time. I sleep through my alarm. Sometimes my brain does not seem to work right. I am worried that I might make a practice error. Which question should the nursing supervisor ask first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct question to ask first is B: "How much sleep do you get in a 24-hour period?" This is because the nurse is experiencing symptoms of fatigue and sleep deprivation, which can significantly impact their performance and patient safety. By understanding the nurse's sleep patterns, the nursing supervisor can assess the root cause of the issue and provide appropriate interventions such as adjusting the work schedule or promoting better sleep hygiene. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly address the primary concern of sleep deprivation. Asking about stress levels (A) may be relevant but addressing sleep should take precedence. Suggesting exercises before bed (C) or hypnotic medication (D) overlook the importance of understanding the nurse's current sleep habits and patterns.
Question 4 of 5
A patient says, I have trouble falling asleep at night and might lie awake until 3 or 4 AM before falling sleep. Which medication would the nurse expect a health care provider to prescribe for this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: zolpidem. Zolpidem is a sedative-hypnotic medication commonly prescribed for insomnia. It acts quickly to help initiate sleep and is suitable for short-term use. It is not associated with significant next-day drowsiness. Flurazepam (B) is a long-acting benzodiazepine used for insomnia but can cause residual sedation. Risperidone (C) is an antipsychotic used for psychiatric conditions, not primary insomnia. Methylphenidate (D) is a stimulant used for ADHD, which would worsen sleep issues.
Question 5 of 5
A new patient at the sleep disorders clinic tells the nurse, I have not slept well in a year, so I never feel good. I do not expect things will ever improve or be any different. Interventions the nurse should consider include (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: providing instruction in relaxation techniques. This is the most appropriate intervention because teaching relaxation techniques can help the patient manage stress and anxiety, which are common contributors to sleep disturbances. By learning to relax, the patient may improve their ability to fall asleep and stay asleep. Choice A is incorrect because suggesting the use of alcohol as a sedative can lead to dependence, disrupt sleep patterns, and worsen the patient's overall health. Choice C is incorrect because while addressing cognitive distortions may be beneficial, it is not the most immediate intervention for improving sleep quality. Choice D is incorrect because providing health teaching on factors that influence sleep is important, but focusing solely on this aspect may not directly address the patient's immediate need for better sleep.