ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 Proctored Exam Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient says, 'I have such bad seasonal allergies. Is there anything I can take to keep them from happening?' What information should the nurse provide?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Preventing seasonal allergies involves blocking histamine (antihistamines, choice A), reducing inflammation (corticosteroids, choice B), or stabilizing mast cells . Mast cell stabilizers (e.g., cromolyn) prevent histamine release, a proactive approach. Decongestants relieve symptoms, not prevent. Choice C highlights a preventive mechanism, key for allergy management education.
Question 2 of 5
A male patient is undergoing chemotherapy may also be given the drug allopurinol (Zyloprim, Aloprim). Allopurinol inhibits the synthesis of uric acid. Concomitant administration of allopurinol prevents:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Allopurinol is primarily used to prevent gout and hyperuricemia, which are common side effects of chemotherapy. Chemotherapy often leads to the rapid destruction of cancer cells, releasing large amounts of uric acid into the bloodstream. This can cause hyperuricemia, leading to gout or kidney stones. Allopurinol works by inhibiting xanthine oxidase, an enzyme involved in uric acid production, thereby reducing uric acid levels. While myelosuppression and pancytopenia are concerns during chemotherapy, they are not directly addressed by allopurinol. Similarly, allopurinol does not inhibit cancer cell growth or replication.
Question 3 of 5
A patient says, 'I have such bad seasonal allergies. Is there anything I can take to keep them from happening?' What information should the nurse provide?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Preventing seasonal allergies involves blocking histamine (antihistamines, choice A), reducing inflammation (corticosteroids, choice B), or stabilizing mast cells . Mast cell stabilizers (e.g., cromolyn) prevent histamine release, a proactive approach. Decongestants relieve symptoms, not prevent. Choice C highlights a preventive mechanism, key for allergy management education.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is creating a plan of care for a patient with a new diagnosis of hypertension. Which is a potential nursing diagnosis for the patient taking antihypertensive medications?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Sexual dysfunction is a potential nursing diagnosis for a patient taking antihypertensive medications. Many antihypertensive medications, especially certain classes like beta-blockers and diuretics, may cause adverse effects such as sexual dysfunction. These medications can impact a patient's libido, sexual arousal, and ability to achieve or maintain an erection, leading to sexual problems. Therefore, sexual dysfunction is an important consideration when caring for a patient with hypertension who is prescribed antihypertensive medications. It is crucial for the nurse to assess, monitor, and address any sexual dysfunction issues that may arise in the patient's care plan to optimize their overall well-being and quality of life.
Question 5 of 5
Hormonal agents are used to treat some cancers. An example would be:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Estrogen antagonists, such as drugs like Tamoxifen or Fulvestrant, are commonly used to treat hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. These cancer cells have receptors that can bind to estrogen, stimulating their growth. By using estrogen antagonists, the estrogen receptors on the cancer cells are blocked, inhibiting their growth and reducing the risk of cancer recurrence. This makes estrogen antagonists an effective hormonal agent for treating breast cancer.