ATI RN
Introduction to Professional Nursing Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient’s 4 X 3-cm leg wound has a 0.4-cm black area in the center of the wound surrounded by yellow-green semiliquid material. Which dressing should the nurse apply to the wound?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hydrocolloid dressing. This type of dressing is ideal for a wound with yellow-green semiliquid material, as it helps to maintain a moist environment which promotes wound healing. The black area in the center could indicate necrotic tissue, and the hydrocolloid dressing can help to facilitate autolytic debridement. Dry gauze dressing (A) would not be suitable as it can adhere to the wound bed, causing trauma during removal. Nonadherent dressing (B) may not provide adequate moisture for healing. Transparent film dressing (D) may not be ideal as it does not provide the same level of absorption and protection as a hydrocolloid dressing.
Question 2 of 5
A patient is receiving heparin therapy as part of the treatment for a pulmonary embolism. The nurse monitors the results of which laboratory test to check the drug‘s effectiveness?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). This test is used to monitor heparin therapy as it measures the effectiveness of the drug in prolonging clotting time. By monitoring aPTT levels, the nurse can ensure that the patient is within the therapeutic range to prevent clot formation without increasing the risk of bleeding. A: Bleeding times do not specifically monitor the effectiveness of heparin therapy and can be affected by various factors. C: Prothrombin time/international normalized ratio (PT/INR) is used to monitor warfarin therapy, not heparin. D: Vitamin K levels are not directly related to heparin therapy and are more relevant in monitoring patients on warfarin therapy.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse plans discharge teaching for a patient with chronic heart failure who has prescriptions for digoxin (Lanoxin) and hydrochlorothiazide. Which instruction should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Notify the health care provider if nausea develops. This is important because nausea can be a sign of digoxin toxicity, a potential side effect of digoxin. By promptly notifying the healthcare provider, appropriate action can be taken to prevent any serious complications. A: Limit dietary sources of potassium - This is not directly related to the medications prescribed and is not necessary for the patient's current condition. B: Take the hydrochlorothiazide at bedtime - Timing of hydrochlorothiazide administration is not as critical as monitoring for side effects or interactions with other medications. D: Take the digoxin if the pulse is below 60 beats/min - This instruction could lead to potential overdosing if the patient takes digoxin unnecessarily based solely on heart rate without considering other factors.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse obtains a health history from an older adult with a prosthetic mitral valve who has symptoms of infective endocarditis (IE). Which question by the nurse helps identify a risk factor for IE?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: "Have you had dental work done recently?" This question helps identify a risk factor for infective endocarditis (IE) as dental procedures can introduce bacteria into the bloodstream, potentially leading to IE in individuals with prosthetic heart valves. Dental work is a known risk factor for IE due to the transient bacteremia that can occur during dental procedures, especially in those with prosthetic heart valves. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they do not directly relate to the risk factors for IE in this specific scenario. Asking about a history of heart attack (A) is not directly related to IE risk factors. Family history of endocarditis (B) may have some relevance, but it is not as directly linked to the current situation as dental work. Recent immunizations (C) are important for overall health but not a specific risk factor for IE in this case.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse teaches a client who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Which statements related to nutrition would the nurse include in this client’s teaching? (Select all that do not apply.)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because eating high-fiber foods may lead to bloating and increased gas, which can exacerbate symptoms of COPD. Step 1: High-fiber foods can be difficult to digest, causing discomfort for COPD patients. Step 2: This can lead to increased abdominal pressure, making breathing more challenging for those with COPD. Step 3: Therefore, it is important for COPD patients to avoid high-fiber foods to prevent worsening of symptoms. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they are all appropriate recommendations for a client with COPD to promote optimal nutrition and manage symptoms.