A patient recovering from a stroke demonstrates neglect on the left side. Which intervention is MOST appropriate to address this deficit?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Encourage scanning to the left side. This intervention is appropriate because it helps the patient actively engage in exploring their neglected side, promoting awareness and attention to that side. By encouraging scanning to the left, the patient can improve their ability to attend to and interact with stimuli on the neglected side. A: Position objects on the unaffected side does not actively engage the patient in addressing the neglect on the left side. C: Providing verbal cues to the right side may not effectively stimulate the neglected side and may not promote active engagement. D: Focusing therapy on the unaffected side does not directly address the neglect on the left side and may not lead to improvement in neglect symptoms.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Turbulent blood flow. A thrill at the base of the heart indicates turbulent blood flow, which is often associated with structural abnormalities like stenosis or regurgitation of heart valves. However, the presence of a thrill does not specifically point to a particular valve issue like mitral valve stenosis (A) or aortic regurgitation (B). It is a general indicator of turbulent blood flow, which can occur in various conditions. Heart failure (D) is a broader diagnosis that may have multiple signs and symptoms, but a thrill specifically suggests turbulent blood flow rather than heart failure.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because it provides specific information related to the patient's current condition. The 'history of present illness' focuses on the patient's chief complaint, including symptoms, duration, severity, and exacerbating factors. Choice A is about the patient's family history, not the current illness. Choice B refers to past medical history, not the current illness. Choice D is a vital sign measurement, which is important but not directly related to the patient's current symptoms. Therefore, choice C best represents information gathered during the 'history of present illness' as it describes the patient's current symptom pattern.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Rheumatoid arthritis. In rheumatoid arthritis, joint redness, warmth, and swelling are common due to inflammation of the synovial membrane. This causes pain and stiffness in multiple joints. Osteoarthritis (A) typically presents with joint pain and stiffness but less inflammation. Gout (B) is characterized by sudden, severe pain, redness, and swelling in one joint, often the big toe. Bursitis (D) involves inflammation of the bursae causing localized pain and swelling, not typically seen with redness and warmth in multiple joints.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The presence of a third heart sound (S3) in an adult is most commonly associated with heart failure. This sound occurs during early diastole when the ventricles are resistant to filling due to increased volume. In heart failure, the ventricles are often dilated and have impaired function, leading to the S3 sound. Aortic stenosis (B) typically presents with a systolic murmur, not an S3 sound. Mitral valve regurgitation (C) may present with a murmur but not typically an S3 sound. Pulmonary embolism (D) is associated with symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and tachycardia, not an S3 sound.