ATI RN
Central Nervous System Stimulants and Related Drugs NCLEX Questions Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient received spinal anesthesia. Which is most important for the nurse to monitor?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hypotension and headaches. When a patient receives spinal anesthesia, monitoring for hypotension is crucial due to the vasodilation effect of the anesthesia, which can lead to a drop in blood pressure. Headaches can also occur as a side effect of spinal anesthesia. Monitoring these two factors is essential in preventing complications such as inadequate perfusion or post-dural puncture headaches. A: Loss of consciousness is not a priority as spinal anesthesia does not typically affect consciousness. B: Hangover effects and dependence are not typical side effects of spinal anesthesia. D: Excitement or delirium are not common effects of spinal anesthesia.
Question 2 of 5
Phenytoin has been prescribed for a patient with seizures. The nurse should include which appropriate nursing intervention in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Monitor complete blood count levels for early detection of blood dyscrasias. This is important because phenytoin can cause blood disorders, so monitoring CBC levels can help detect any abnormalities early. Choice A is incorrect because an phenytoin level of 18 mcg/mL is within therapeutic range. Choice C is incorrect as vigorous tooth brushing can irritate gums due to phenytoin's side effects. Choice D is incorrect as passing pinkish-red or reddish-brown urine is a common side effect of phenytoin and does not necessarily indicate a need to stop the drug immediately.
Question 3 of 5
When administering phenytoin, the nurse realizes more teaching is needed if the patient makes which statement?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because phenytoin should be taken either with food or after meals to minimize gastrointestinal side effects. Taking it on an empty stomach may lead to increased side effects or decreased drug absorption. Choice A is correct as shaking the oral suspension ensures uniform distribution of the medication. Choice B is correct as alcohol can interact with phenytoin and increase side effects. Choice D is correct as phenytoin can cause gum overgrowth, necessitating regular dental checkups.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following assessment findings could the nurse see in a patient with Parkinson disease? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Muscle rigidity. In Parkinson's disease, muscle rigidity is a common assessment finding due to the increased muscle tone. This results in stiffness and resistance to passive movement. The other choices are incorrect: A is incorrect because Parkinson's disease typically has a gradual onset, not abrupt. C is incorrect as tremors in Parkinson's disease are typically voluntary and rhythmic, not involuntary. D is incorrect as bradykinesia, or slowness of movement, is also a common finding in Parkinson's disease, but muscle rigidity is more specific to the disease.
Question 5 of 5
A patient is receiving carbidopa-levodopa for Parkinson disease. What is most important for the nurse know about this drug?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because dopaminergics like carbidopa-levodopa are contraindicated in glaucoma due to their potential to raise intraocular pressure, worsening the condition. This is a critical consideration for the nurse to prevent exacerbation of glaucoma symptoms. Choices A and B are incorrect as carbidopa-levodopa typically does not lead to hypertension or excessive salivation. Choice C is also incorrect as drowsiness is a common side effect of dopaminergics but not the most important consideration in this case.