ATI RN
Adult Health Nursing Test Banks Questions
Question 1 of 5
A patient presents with watery diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and nausea after consuming contaminated water from a stream during a camping trip. Laboratory tests reveal oocysts in the stool sample. Which of the following parasites is most likely responsible for this infection?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cryptosporidium parvum is a protozoan parasite often found in contaminated water sources. This parasite is known to cause watery diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and nausea in infected individuals. The presence of oocysts in the stool sample is characteristic of Cryptosporidium infection. Other parasitic infections may present with similar symptoms, but in this case, the most likely culprit based on the exposure history and laboratory findings is Cryptosporidium parvum.
Question 2 of 5
During the active phase of labor, the nurse observes that the cervix is dilated to 6 cm and the contractions are regular, lasting 60 seconds each, occurring every 3 minutes. What action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: During the active phase of labor, a cervical dilation of 6 cm and regular contractions lasting 60 seconds each, occurring every 3 minutes indicate good progress in labor. The nurse should continue to monitor the progress closely by assessing the mother's vital signs, fetal heart rate, and the pattern of contractions. It is important to provide support and encouragement to the mother, continue with comfort measures, and be prepared to assist with the delivery when the cervix is fully dilated. This stage of labor is focused on active dilation and effacement of the cervix, and it is not yet time for the mother to push or for the nurse to administer oxytocin to augment labor.
Question 3 of 5
A woman in active labor is experiencing intense pain and requests non-pharmacological pain relief measures. What intervention should the nurse prioritize?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: When a woman in active labor is experiencing intense pain and requests non-pharmacological pain relief measures, the nurse should prioritize providing continuous labor support. Continuous labor support, also known as a doula or labor companion, has been shown to be effective in reducing the perception of pain and improving labor outcomes. The presence of a supportive person can provide physical, emotional, and informational support, helping the woman cope with the pain and navigate through the labor process. This intervention can enhance the woman's overall experience of labor and improve maternal and neonatal outcomes without the need for pharmacological interventions. Administering opioids, performing epidural analgesia, or initiating nitrous oxide inhalation are pharmacological pain relief measures and may not align with the woman's preference for non-pharmacological options.
Question 4 of 5
A woman in active labor is experiencing a shoulder dystocia during delivery. What nursing intervention should be prioritized?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Shoulder dystocia is an obstetric emergency where one of the baby's shoulders becomes impacted behind the mother's pubic bone after the head delivers. This can lead to compression of the umbilical cord and compromise fetal oxygenation. The most critical nursing intervention in managing shoulder dystocia is applying suprapubic pressure to dislodge the impacted shoulder and allow for delivery of the baby. By gently pushing downwards on the mother's abdomen just above the pubic bone, the shoulder can be released, and the baby can be delivered successfully. This intervention should be prioritized to prevent potential complications for both the mother and the baby. Episiotomy may be considered if necessary, but it is secondary to addressing the shoulder dystocia. Oropharyngeal airway insertion and administering magnesium sulfate are not indicated in the immediate management of shoulder dystocia.
Question 5 of 5
A woman in active labor experiences prolonged and severe pain in the lower back region, along with irregular contractions. What maternal condition should the nurse consider as a potential cause of abnormal labor progress?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An occiput posterior fetal position, where the baby's head is facing the mother's abdomen rather than her back, can lead to prolonged and severe back pain during labor. This position can cause irregular contractions and difficulty in descending through the birth canal, resulting in abnormal labor progress. The back pain experienced in this case is often intense due to the pressure exerted on the mother's lower back and may also be associated with intense back labor. It is essential for the nurse to recognize this potential issue and assist in maneuvers or positions to help the baby rotate to a more optimal position for delivery.