ATI RN
Adult Health Med Surg Nursing Test Banks Questions
Question 1 of 9
A patient presents with urinary frequency, urgency, dysuria, and suprapubic pain. Urinalysis reveals pyuria and bacteriuria. Which of the following conditions is most likely?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The patient's presentation of urinary frequency, urgency, dysuria, and suprapubic pain along with the urinalysis findings of pyuria (pus in the urine) and bacteriuria (bacteria in the urine) are highly suggestive of a urinary tract infection (UTI). UTIs are one of the most common types of bacterial infections seen in clinical practice. The symptoms described are classic for a lower urinary tract infection. The presence of pyuria and bacteriuria on urinalysis further supports the diagnosis of a UTI. Acute glomerulonephritis typically presents with hematuria, proteinuria, hypertension, and edema. Chronic kidney disease is often asymptomatic in early stages and presents with symptoms like fatigue, edema, and changes in urination later on. Renal calculi are associated with severe colicky flank pain that can radiate to the groin, and they may present with
Question 2 of 9
After tracheostomy procedure, the nurse documents important observation made during the procedure such us _________.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: It is essential for the nurse to document important observations made during a tracheostomy procedure, and this includes the amount, color, and consistency of sputum as well as the appearance of the incision. Monitoring these factors helps assess the patient's respiratory status, risk of infection, and wound healing progress. Ensuring detailed documentation in this area allows for timely intervention if there are any concerning changes observed post-procedure. Observations such as the response of the patient, vital signs during the procedure, and patient behavior are also important but may be documented separately from the specific details related to sputum, incision appearance, and wound care.
Question 3 of 9
Which endocrine disorder is most likely responsible for these symptoms?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The symptoms described—tachycardia, weight loss, and tremors—are consistent with hyperthyroidism. Graves' disease is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism and is an autoimmune disorder in which the thyroid gland is overactive. This condition can lead to an increased production of thyroid hormones, resulting in symptoms such as rapid heartbeat (tachycardia), unintended weight loss, and tremors. In contrast, Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an autoimmune disorder that causes hypothyroidism, leading to symptoms like fatigue, weight gain, and cold intolerance. Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels, which typically presents with symptoms such as increased thirst, frequent urination, and fatigue. Thyroid nodules are growths within the thyroid gland that can sometimes be associated with overactive (hyperthyroidism) or underactive (hypothyroidism) thyroid function, but they do not
Question 4 of 9
A patient is prescribed a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) for the management of pain. Which adverse effect should the nurse monitor closely in the patient?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: NSAIDs are commonly known to increase the risk of gastrointestinal adverse effects, including gastritis, ulcers, and gastrointestinal bleeding. This risk is due to the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis, which plays a protective role in the gastrointestinal mucosa. Gastrointestinal bleeding can manifest as symptoms such as black, tarry stools, vomiting blood, or abdominal pain. Therefore, it is crucial for the nurse to closely monitor the patient for signs and symptoms of gastrointestinal bleeding while taking NSAIDs to prevent potentially serious complications. Hypotension, hyperkalemia, and hyperglycemia are not commonly associated with NSAIDs use, making them less likely adverse effects to monitor for in this scenario.
Question 5 of 9
The nurse, as the community organizer, immerses self by joining local folks in their usual everyday activities in ordwwer to ______.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Immersing oneself in the local community and participating in their everyday activities allows the nurse, as a community organizer, to establish trust and build rapport with the people. By actively engaging with the community members, the nurse can show genuine interest and commitment to their well-being, which fosters a sense of connection and mutual understanding. This approach is crucial for gaining the trust of the community, as it demonstrates that the nurse is invested in listening to their needs and working together to address health concerns effectively.
Question 6 of 9
Nurse Cris received information from some community residents who suspect that a neighbor ls abusing his young child. Which should be the PRIORITY nursing action ?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The PRIORITY nursing action when receiving information about suspected child abuse is to report to the police authorities. Child abuse is a serious issue that requires immediate intervention to ensure the safety and well-being of the child. The police are trained to investigate these types of situations and can take the necessary steps to protect the child from harm. It is essential to act swiftly and report any suspicions of child abuse to the proper authorities to prevent further harm and ensure the child's safety.
Question 7 of 9
Identify the causative agent of dengue fever.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The causative agent of dengue fever is a virus. Dengue fever is primarily transmitted to humans by the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes, particularly Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. These mosquitoes act as vectors, carrying and transmitting the dengue virus (specifically four closely related but antigenically different serotypes: DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3, and DEN-4) to humans during the feeding process. The virus then replicates in the human body, causing symptoms of dengue fever. Therefore, the correct answer is D. Virus.
Question 8 of 9
Nurse Sandy has completed the study and started to make a report to be Research department. A written brief summary is submitted which is known as _____.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An abstract is a concise summary of a research study that provides an overview of the purpose, methods, results, and conclusions of the research. It is usually the first section of a research report or article and serves to give the reader a quick understanding of the study without having to read the full document. In this case, Nurse Sandy has completed the study and is preparing to submit a written brief summary to the Research department, which is typically in the form of an abstract. It highlights the key points of the study, allowing others to quickly grasp the main findings and implications.
Question 9 of 9
A patient presents with redness, pain, and photophobia in the left eye. Slit-lamp examination reveals ciliary injection, corneal edema, and a mid-dilated pupil with fixed reaction to light. Which of the following conditions is most likely responsible for this presentation?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The presentation described is consistent with anterior uveitis. Anterior uveitis involves inflammation of the iris and ciliary body. Patients typically present with symptoms such as redness, pain, photophobia, and blurred vision. The slit-lamp examination findings of ciliary injection (redness and dilation of blood vessels in the iris and ciliary body), corneal edema, and a mid-dilated pupil with a fixed reaction to light (due to ciliary muscle spasm causing decreased accommodation) are characteristic of anterior uveitis. This condition is often idiopathic but can be associated with various systemic diseases like ankylosing spondylitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and other autoimmune disorders. Treatment involves addressing the inflammation with topical corticosteroids and, in some cases, cycloplegic agents to reduce pain and inflammation.